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Midterm Terminology
Very detailed
23
Architecture
Undergraduate 3
02/08/2013

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Cards

Term

(front of card) Classical Orders - Doric

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Definition
(back of card) The only one without a base; is very plain, but powerful-looking in its design; Used in the Parthenon
Term

(front of card) Classical Orders - Ionic

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Definition
(back of card) more decorative and taller than doric; bases were large and looked like a set of stacked rings; capitals consist of a scrolls above the shaft
Term

(front of card) Classical Orders - Corinthian

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Definition
(back of card) most decorative; Corinthian also uses entasis to make the shafts look straight. The Corinthian capitals have flowers and leaves below a small scroll. The shaft has flutes and the base is like the Ionian. Unlike the Doric and Ionian cornices, which are at a slant, the Corinthian roofs are flat.
Term
(front of card) Classical Orders - Tuscan[image]
Definition
(back of card) very plain and the shortest
Term
(front of card) Classical Orders - Composite[image]
Definition
(back of card) is a combination of the Ionic and Corinthian orders and is considered a Roman order
Term
column
Definition
load-bearing shaft that can come in 5 different orders; made up of marble or stone or concrete
Term
arch
Definition
a curved masonry construction for spanning an opening, consisting of a number of wedgelike stones, bricks, or the like, set with the narrower side toward the opening in such a way that forces on the arch are transmitted as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of the opening.
Term

Groin Vault

 

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Definition
a ceiling or vault created by the intersections of two barrel vaults
Term

Barrel Vault

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Definition
An extended arch
Term

Rib Vault

 

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Definition
intersection of 2 to 3 barrel vaults; mostly seen in gothic basilicas
Term

Pillaster

Definition

slightly projecting column built into or applied to the face of a wall. Most commonly flattened or rectangular in form, pilasters can also take a half-round form or the shape of any type of column, including tortile

 

Term
Entablature
Definition

refers to the superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Entablatures are major elements of classical architecture

 

 

Term
Flying Buttress
Definition

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supports added to the exterior of churches to stabalize the pointed arches and relieve the arches from excess stress

Term
Pointed Arch
Definition

The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base. This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture.


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Term
Loggia
Definition

An open-sided, roofed or vaulted gallery, either free-standing or along the front or side of a building, often at an upper level.

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Term
Portico
Definition

is a balcony/porch used in Greek and Roman classical architure

 

Term
Tracery
Definition

is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.

 

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Term
Trabeated Construction
Definition

post and lintel construction

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Term
Pilier Cantonne
Definition

  Gothic pier consisting of a large central core with four attached colonnettes associated with the springing of the nave-arcade and the vaults over the aisle and nave.

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Term
Piers
Definition

in building construction, vertical loadbearing member such as an intermediate support for adjacent ends of two bridge spans. In foundations for large buildings, piers are usually cylindrical concrete shafts, cast in prepared holes

Term
Pietra Serena
Definition

dark stone that excentuates architectural features against white stucco

Term
Ogee Arch
Definition

is a curve (often used in molding), shaped somewhat like an S, consisting of two arcs that curve in opposite senses, so that the ends are parallel.

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