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| The term _____ refers to the set of instructions that directs the hardware to accomplish a task. |
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| A 1 or 0 in this system is called a _____. |
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| Primary storage is provided by devices called memory or ____ located on the motherboard and on some adapter cards. |
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| A ____ is a single task, such as a task of printing a file, that the process requests from the kernel. |
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| _____ are small programs stored on the hard drive that tell the computer how to communicate with a specific hardware device such as a printer, network card, or modem. |
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| The _____ is usually on the right side of the taskbar and displays open services. |
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| A _____ is one or more characters following the last period in a filename, such as .exe, .txt, or .avi |
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| The ____ dialog box in Windows Vista appears each time a user attempts to perform an action that can be done only with administrative privileges. |
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| Windows identifies file types primarily by the ______. |
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| A ______ is responsible for the PC before trouble occurs. |
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| Troubleshooting begins by ______. |
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| Motherboards that support PCI Express and have the 24-pin PI connector are sometimes called _____ boards. |
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| The _____ form factor is a major variation of ATX and addresses some technologies that have emerged since the original development of ATX. |
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| The ______ form factor was designed by Intel in 2003 for flexibility and can be used by everything from large tower systems to those ultra small systems that sit under a monitor. |
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| The ___ is a measure of resistance to electricity. |
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| A _____ is an electronic device that can hold an electrical charge for a period of time and can smooth the uneven flow of electricity through a circuit. |
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| A power ____ is a box inside a computer case that supplies power to the motherboard and the other installed devices. |
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| One _____ is the work of energy required to produce one watt of power in one second. |
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| A(n) _____ is a general-purpose tool that can measure several characteristics of electricity in a variety of devices. |
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| A ____ color of stripe down one side of a cable marks this side of the cable as pin 1. |
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| Older hard drives use a(n) ________-conductor IDE ribbon cable. |
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| A system might have up to _____ types of ribbon cables. |
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| For an older motherboard, instead of screws you'll see ________ that keep the board from resting directly on the bottom of the computer case. |
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| A _____ of the house current might cause symptoms of electrical power problems. |
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| A ______ is the most complicated component in a computer. |
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| The ____ and the chipset determine which processors a board can support. |
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| The slower end of the hub in the Intel i800 chipsets, called the _____, contains the I/O controller hub. |
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| Throughput is somtimes called _______. |
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| ______ buses have been improved several times; there are currently three major categories and within each category, several variations of the bus. |
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| The process of upgrading or refreshing the ROM BIOS chip is called _____ BIOS. |
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| With any installation, remember the importance of using a ground strap to ground yourself when working inside a computer case to protect components against _____. |
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| On the motherboard, the _______ controls power to the motherboard and must be connected for the PC to power up. |
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| The _____ menu is BIOS setup allows you to cinfigure automatic power-saving features for your system, such as suspend mode or sleep state. |
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| Most likely when you first install a hard drive or an operating system, you will want to have the BIOS attempt to first boot from a ______. |
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| The most reliable way to restore settings is to keep a written record of all the changes you make to _______. |
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| Processor core frequency is measured in __________. |
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| Memory on the processor die is called the _______ cache. |
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| Memory in the processor package, but not on the processor die, is called the _____ cache. |
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| If a power-on password has been forgotten, you can use the BIOS _____ to reset the password. |
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| The CMOS battery failure can be reported by the startup BIOS during the _______. |
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| Processors can sense their operating temperatures and report that information that information to _______. |
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| The temperature inside the case should not exceed _______ degrees C. |
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| When you hear ______ during post, you know that you have a problemw ith serial or paralllel ports or system timer, which probably means the motherboard must be replaced. |
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| Four beeps followed by two, three, or four beeps |
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| RAM is divided into two categories ______. |
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| ______ is used for a memory cache and is contained within the processor housing. |
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| ______ loses its data rapidly, and the memory controller must refresh it several thousand times a second. |
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| The ATA interface standards are developed by Technical Committee T13 and published by ________. |
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| When using an 80-conductor cable-select cable, the drive nearest the motherboard is the _______. |
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| If you are mounting a hard drive into a bay that is too large, a _____ kit can help you securely fit the drive into the bay. |
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| Problems with a device can sometimes be solved by updating the ____ or firmware. |
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| Devices and their device drivers are managed using _____. |
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| ________ supports speeds up to 400 Mbps and is sometimes called FireWire 400. |
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| IEEE 1394 uses ____ data transfer, meaning that data is transferred continuously without breaks. |
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| A serial port is provided by the motherboard or might be provided by an adapter card called a(n) ______ card. |
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| A _______ is an input device that uses a monitor or LCD panel as the backdrop for input options. |
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| Ports on the motherboard can be disabled or enabled in _____ setup. |
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| BIOS manages ______ lines that are used by a device to hail the CPU asking for data to be processed. |
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| The _____ assignments refer to the system resources a parallel port will use to manage a print job. |
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| If you have an available eSATA external port, you can use a protective hard drive ______ that will house and protect a hard drive outside the computer case. |
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| Computers store data digitally and ultimately as a stream of only two numbers |
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| A _______ card can turn your computer into a television. |
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| A double-sided, dual-layer DVD can hold ___ GB. |
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| ______ is a set of standards that are used to represent music in digital form. |
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| A _____ provides slots for memory cards and can be internal or external devices. |
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| A CD can hold about _____ of data. |
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| When burning a CD, DVD, or BD, the hard drive needs some temporary holding space for the write process and should have at least ____ of free space. |
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| The printer produces output on paper, often called _____ copy. |
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| Everything in a computer is _______. |
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| The ____ card, also called a graphics card, provides one or more ports for a monitor. |
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| The most important component of the computer's electrical system is the _______, which is usually near the rear of the case. |
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| A(n) ________ is the portion of an OS that relates to the user and to applications. |
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| One of the most important ways to achieve customer satisfacation is to do your best by being ________. |
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| The peltier's top surface can be as hot as ____ degrees F. |
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| A(n) _____ gets its name because it has independent pins on opposite sides of the module. |
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