Term
| cardiac catheterization (CC) |
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Definition
passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart
provides information on blood supply, blood flow, pressure in the chambers, enables collection or x-ray |
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Term
| electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) |
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Definition
graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs
helps diagnose abnormal heart rhythms and myocardial damage |
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Term
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Definition
ECG taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings
useful in obtaining a cardiac arrhythmia record that would be missed during an ECG few minutes in duration |
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Term
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Definition
ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions
may show abnormal ECG tracings that don't appear during an ECG taken when pt at rest |
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Definition
ECG that utilizes a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow
area not receiving sufficient oxygen is visualized by decreased uptake of the isotope |
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Term
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Definition
blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I, creatinine kinase
these are released into the bloodstream from damaged heart muscle tissue; presence consistent with myocardial damage |
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Definition
| series of tests (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) used to assess risk factors of ischemic heart disease |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic imaging of the heart and blood vessels after injection of a contrast dye |
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Definition
angiography to determine the degree of obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart
catheter is inserted through the femoral artery to the aorta
contrast dye outlines the coronary arteries and shows narrowing, stenosis, or blockage |
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Term
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Definition
angiography in which 2 radiographic images are obtained, the 1st one without contrast material and the 2nd one after contrast material has been injected
then both are compared by a computer that digitally subtracts the imaged of soft tissues, bones, and muscles, leaving only the image of vessels with contrast |
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Term
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Definition
| radiological examination of the aorta and its branches following injection of a contrast medium via a catheter |
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Term
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Definition
noninvasive diagnostic method that uses ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and produce images of the heart
a transducer is placed on the chest to direct ultra high frequency sound waves toward cardiac structures
reflected echoes are then converted to electrical impulses and displayed on a screen |
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Term
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Definition
noninvasive adaptation of ultrasound technology in which blood flow velocity is assessed in different areas of the heart
sound waves strike moving RBCs and are reflected back to a recording device that graphically records blood flow thrugh cardiac structures |
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Term
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
noninvasive technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce multiplanar cross sectional images of blood vessels
MRI provide information on aneurysms, cardiac structures, and cardiac output |
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Term
| magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) |
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Definition
a type of MRI that provides highly detailed images of blood vessels
MRA is used to view arteries and blockages within the arteries |
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Term
| multiple gated acquisition |
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Definition
nuclear procedure that uses radioactive tracers to produce movie like images of the structures of the heart, including the myocardium and the mitral and tricupsid valves
the MUGA scan shows the motion of the heart wall muscle and the ventricle's ability to eject blood (ejection fraction) |
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Term
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Definition
imaging technique that provides a graphic display of heart sounds and murmurs during the cardiac cycle
a transducer sends ultrasonic pulses through the chest wall and the echoes are converted into images on a monitor to assess overall cardiac performance |
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Term
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Definition
diagnostic test that uses radiation emitted by the body after an injection of radioactive substances to create images of various organs or identify body functions and diseases
identifies infarcted or scarred areas of the heart that shows up as "cold spots" (areas of reduced radioactivity) taken when pt at rest |
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Term
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Definition
scintigraphy procedure that uses injected radioactive thallium and records the uptake of the isotope with a gamma camera to produce an image
a stress thallium study is commonly performed at the same time as a resting study, and the 2 images are compared to further identify abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
injection of a chemical irritant (sclerosing agent) into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein
commonly performed to treat varicose veins and sometimes telangiectasias |
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Term
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Definition
radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect incomplete filling of a vein, which indicates obstruction
used to locate blood clots in veins of the leg |
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Definition
| procedure to restore normal rhythm of the heart by applying a controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest |
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Term
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Definition
technique used to block blood flow to a site by passing a catheter to the area injecting a synthetic material or medication specially designed to occlude the blood vessel
may serve to eliminate an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein, stop bleeding, or close vessels that are supporting tumor growth |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation of the vessel using a balloon catheter |
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Term
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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Definition
| surgical procedure that uses a vessel graft from another aprt of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle |
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Term
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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Definition
dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluroscopic guidance
catheter is inserted transcutaneously, inflates the balloon, dilating the narrowed vessel, and a stent is positioned to hold vessel open |
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Definition
| removal of material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with cutting or grinding device |
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Term
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Definition
| removal and examination of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes |
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Term
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Definition
| removal and examination of a segment of an arterial vessel wall to confirm inflammation of the wall or arteritis, a type of vasculitis |
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