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| MIDI Manufacturers Association |
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| Japanese MIDI Standards Committee |
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| Slave Devices only _____ Data |
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| Master Devices only _____ DATA |
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| What type of cable is a MIDI Cable? |
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| How many PINS does a MIDI Cable Have? |
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| How many pins are used on a MIDI Cable? |
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| What Pin carries the DATA? |
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| What Pin is the +5 Bias Voltage? |
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| Max length for MIDI Cable? |
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| Data throughput for MIDI Cable? |
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31.25 Kbaud or 31,250 baud Baud = bits/second |
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| Where a master device transmits data? |
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| Where a slave device recieves data? |
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| Where a direct copy of any MIDI data arriving at the MIDI In port can be transmitted |
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| Most Basic MIDI Wiring Config? |
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| _____ allows us to control the internal sounds of the keyboard |
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| What port is optically isolated and why? |
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| IN Port to prevent hum, buzz, ground loops, and RF interference |
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| Device that routes all data coming into the IN ports to ALL of the OUT ports at the same time |
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| Both the In Port and the Out port of 2 devices are connected in this configuration. Allows for total communication between devices and is the smartest MIDI wiring procedure. |
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1. Omni on Poly 2. Omni on Mono 3. Omni off Poly 4. Omni off Mono |
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| Most common MIDI recieve mode? |
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| The ability to play more that 1 note at a time |
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16 Channels X Mode 3 (Omni off Poly) Allows a device to recieve MIDI on more than 1 channel at the same time |
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8 Parameters of Multi-timbral Mode |
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1. Channel Assignment 2. Timbre Assignment 3. Volume 4. Pan 5. Output Assignment 6. Tuning 7. Note Ranges 8. Channel Enable/Disable |
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| The max number of notes a device can play @ 1 time |
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| Automatically Assigns notes of polyphony to each channel as they are needed in real time |
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| Changes some aspect of sound depending on how fast you strike the key |
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C4 or MIDI Notes #60 12 numbers per octave |
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| Hardware Sequencers are ________ |
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| Software Sequencers are ________ |
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| Used to connect MIDI devices to a computer |
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| MIDI travels to and from a computer on what type of cable? |
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Parts per quarter note (Timing resolution of a sequencer) |
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| Process of moving data to a predetermined grid point |
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| Temporary Storage for Edits |
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| In Synthesis pitch is controlled by the ___ |
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| VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) |
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| In Synthesis Amplitude is controlled by the? |
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| VCA (Voltage controlled Amplifier) |
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| In Synthesis Timbre is controlled by the? |
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| VCF (Voltage controlled filter) |
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| A ____ is used to control sound over time? |
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EG (Envelope Generator) ASDR |
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| LFO combined with VCO gives us? |
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| LFO combined with VCF gives us? |
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| LFO combined with VCA gives us? |
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| Synthesis type that removes overtones from the overall sound by utilizing filters. |
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| Synthesis type that combines multiple sine waves at various frequencies to create sound |
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| Synthesis method of taking one wave at a certain frequency and modulating it with another wave at a certain frequency. |
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| Synthesis that analyzes a sound and then recreates it using additive synthesis techniques. Very hardware intensive |
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| Synthesis that changes the phase angle of waveform to create a different sounding wave |
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| Phase Distortion Synthesis |
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| Synthesis that utilizes single cycle waveforms contained within a digitized memory "table" |
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| Synthesis that uses the recording of analog sounds into digital format and encoding onto a ROM chip |
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| Pulse code modulation (sample playback) |
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| Synthesis that combines indexed waveforms with wavetable synthesis |
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| Synthesis that uses DSP processing to analyze and recreated physical structure of musical instruments |
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| Physical modeling synthesis |
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| Synthesis that uses the same techniques as physical modeling synthesis but the parameters are designed to recreate the components in analog synths |
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| Analog modeling synthesis |
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| A piece of audio that can be triggered back by MIDI |
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1. Program, Instrument, Bank 2. Zone, Multi-Sample, or Key Group 3. Samples, sounds, or waves |
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| Best place to edit a sound |
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| Where the sample plays back at its original tempo/pitch |
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most significant bit (1st bit) If msb is 1 = status Byte If msb is 0 = data Byte |
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| least significant bit (last bit) |
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Status Byte Breakdown 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 What part of the message do these 3 numbers give us? |
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Status Byte Breakdown 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 What part of the message do these 4 numbers give us? |
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Data Byte breakdown 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 These 7 numbers give us what? |
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| The message in a value of 0-127 |
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| 2 types of channel messages |
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Voice: controls an instruments voice (sounds) Mode: Define the instruments response to a voice message |
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| Status -> Data1 -> Data2 makes up a ? |
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| Patch Mapping is only a function of what type of device? |
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Slave Device Patch Mapping = changing internally to a program number that is different than the one recieved |
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| What is a parameter with 14 bit resolution? |
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| Controller Category 0-31 ? |
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| Controller Category 32-63 |
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| Controller Category 64-95 |
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| Controller Category 96-119 |
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| Controller Category 120-127 |
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- 128 Available
- Gives us the ability to automate changes when recorded
- Controls some aspect of a sound on a channel
- Controller + ch. -> Controller # -> Amount
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| Achieved by multiplying the values of low res and high res controllers together as long as they are 32 digits apart |
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120 All Sounds off 121 Reset All Controllers 122 Local On/Off 123 All notes off 124 Omni Off 125 Omni On 126 Mono 127 Poly |
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| Looks previous to the playline for any prior MIDI information and updates the sequence accordingly |
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| Reduces the data load by about a third by removing redundant status bytes |
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System Messages 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 The 1st # = |
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System Messages 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 These 3 #s = |
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| that its a system message |
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System Messages 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 These 4 #s = |
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Tune Select Song Select Song Position Pointer (SPP) MIDI Time Code (MTC) |
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Timing Clock (MIDI beat clock) Start Continue Stop Active Sensing System Reset |
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| System Exclusive Protocol |
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Start of Exclusive - F0h Manufacturers ID Product ID Device ID
Program Data End of Exclusive F7h |
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| On a disk or on a track in a sequence |
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| 3 Ways to transfer SysEx Data |
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MIDI Machine Control Designed for theatrical or staging industries |
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| The process of locking two or more devices together in time |
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| Location Synchronization is based on |
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| A point in time or a direct address |
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| Types of location based sync |
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Relative - always references from the beginning of the song Absolute - Is not referenced from the beginning of the song |
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| Location based sync examples |
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the timing or speed of a song or pattern ex. MIDI clock , MIDI sync |
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| MIDI Time code contains how many types of messages and what are they? |
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2 types of messages: Full Frame Message Quarter Frame Message |
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- Contains entire SMPTE address plus the last transport command
- Only sent on start and stop
- Message is 10 Bytes long
0 000 0000 2,3,4 = Which column 5,6,7,8 = Value for column |
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- 2 bytes long
- 4 QF messages are sent per frame of SMPTE
- 4 QF messages makes up half the SMPTE address
- 8 QF messages make up the entire message
- 2 Full frames of SMPTE are needed to visually update the address
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| Setting a device to a time other than zero |
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- Propellerhead software's standard for timing, audio channels, and transport control.
- Available on most DAW's and sequencers
- Designed to control multiple applications within the same computer
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| How many patches in a bank |
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| Minimum # of Data Bytes requried for a Channel Message? |
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| Note On + Ch. -> Note Number -> On Velocity |
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| Note Off + Ch. -> Note # -> Off Velocity |
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| Patch Change + Ch. -> Program Change |
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| Channel Pressure + Ch. -> Amount/Value |
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| Note Pressure + Ch. -> Note # -> Amount/Value |
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| Pitch Bend + Ch. -> Course Tune -> Fine Tune |
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| Controller + Ch. -> Controller -> Amount/Value |
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| 2 Types of MIDI Conversion |
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Pitch to MIDI Trigger to MIDI |
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| Pitch-to-MIDI is more _______ |
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| Trigger-to-MIDI has less ______ |
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| Using a key, button, pad, slider, knob, etc to generage MIDI message |
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| converting an analog signal or sound into a MIDI message |
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Threshold - The velocity @ which a trigger is struck and will respond to it (sensitivity) Velocity Curve - Changes the way a device will respond to velocity, depending on a players feel (light to hard) |
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