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Middle Ages
middle ages
54
Other
10th Grade
10/07/2016

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Cards

Term
Nuns lived in convents called?
Definition
Abesses
Term
In order to determine guilt in the Germanic society, __________ or physical trials that were based on the idea of divine intervention (i.e. grabbing a hot iron) were used.
Definition
Ordeal
Term
When dealing with crime the Germans originally used blood feuds or eye for an eye mentality. Later, they developed a __________ that would be an amount of money for wrongdoing.
Definition
Wergild
Term
As the Roman Empire fell, the Church grew in power with the Bishop of Rome or __________ in charge.
Definition
Pope
Term
_______________ created the Carolingian Empire (largest until Napoleon) and was granted the title of Holy Roman Emperor on 12/25/800.
Definition
Charlemagne
Term
By being the first Germanic ruler to be Christian, _________ was able to gain favor with the Roman Catholic Church and create a vast kingdom by 510 AD.
Definition
Clovis
Term
In the Monastic movement, monks and nuns did a variety of things for European society. What is one thing they did?
Definition
Provided schools and hospitals
Term
Frankish rulers lost power to their major domo or mayor of the palace. One such domo that took the power from the Merovingians was Charles Martel's son, ___________ the Short.
Definition
Pepin
Term
Monastic movement was the practice of removing oneself from society and dedicating your life to God that was greatly influenced by Saint ___________ with his "rules" for monks' behavior.
Definition
Benedict
Term
The beginning of strong politically and spiritually influential popes started with _______________ I
Definition
Gregory
Term
Two ways to keep a system built on war from always fighting was to grant titles of nobility and for knights to keep a strict oath/code of ___________ that says they will defend the Church, protect the defenseless, treat captured with hospitality (kindness), and treat women with respect.
Definition
Chivalry
Term
The land that you owned would be called a ______ which gave you political, economic, and social power over that land.
Definition
fief
Term
Giving an oath to your lord would make you a ____________ which originally came from Germanic warriors' oath to their leader.
Definition
vassal
Term
Which is true about those that fought in wars during the middle ages?
Definition
They were rich nobles.
Term
The new social/political order that emerged after the Carolingian Empire weakened causing disorder and invaders made the local areas unsafe was called ______________.
Definition
Feudalism
Term
______________ were a place for the knights of the age to show off skills and train.
Definition
Tournamants
Term
As we saw with Charlemagne, the __________ (person or place) has the most power in this new social and political system because of the impact they/it has on the entire society.
Definition
Pope/Church
Term
The ___________ were a successful Scandinavian peoples that were skilled warriors, master boat builders, and most likely settled due to trade being easier than pillaging.
Definition
Vikings
Term
In the new system, there were lords who promised _______ (really the only valuable commodity at the time besides loyalty) to those that would promise to fight and protect them.
Definition
land
Term
When William of Normandy takes over England he does several things to give the central government more power. Which of the following was NOT one of them?
Definition
Required all nobles to intermarry with French noble women to create a united society.
Term
The Poles, Czechs, Hungarians, Bosnians, Serbians, Bulgarians, Kievian, and Russian are all collectively a part of the same group of people called the ________.
Definition
Slavs
Term
Under Philip IV (Fair), France increased its bureaucracy by creating its own parliament called the _______-__________ (meeting of all 3 classes).
Definition
Estates General
Term
Under King John's tyrannical rule, English nobles forced him to sign the ____________ or Great Charter in ______ (year) in order to list their rights in a document and limit the king's power.
Definition
Magna Carta; 1215
Term
In _____ (year), William of Normandy defeated King Harold at the Battle of __________ which set up a strong England.
Definition
1066, Hastings
Term
Issues between Thomas a Becket and King ________ over where clergy should be tried and punished ended in the king's knights killing Thomas a Becket in Canterbury.
Definition
Henry II
Term
Under Edward I, England created its own Parliament consisting of two houses making it bicameral. The upper house of nobles and bishops was called the House of _________ and the lower house of knights and townspeople was called the House of ___________.
Definition
Lords, Commons
Term
The Holy Roman Empire was reorganized under ________ who unified German culture and the Church, eventually being crowned the Holy Roman Emperor in 962.
Definition
Otto I
Term
The leader of the Muslims in 1187 made a peace treaty with King ____________ (Roman numeral or nickname is fine).
Definition
Richard I or Lionhearted
Term
____________ was the Muslim leader in control of Jerusalem in 1187.
Definition
Saladin
Term
Pope ____________ was started the wars against the Muslims in Jerusalem.
Definition
Urban II
Term
Constantinople falls twice. Once in 1204 to armies from the west and _______ (year) to the ____________.
Definition
1453; Ottoman Turks
Term
___________ was the ruler of Byzantium in 527 who put down the Nika Revolt and codified the law.
Definition
Justinian I
Term
The issues between the Roman Catholic Church in the west and the Greek/Eastern Orthodox Church in the east lead to a ________ or separation between them.
Definition
schism
Term
What was a problem that the Byzantium Empire faced?
Definition
Threats from the Muslims
Term
The difference between the West and East when it came to religion was that the emperor was in charge of the society and he appointed the head of the church that is called a ___________.
Definition
Patriarch
Term
The __________ were from the 11th to 13th centuries.
Definition
Crusades
Term
_________ were business associations developed by artisans and craftsmen to limit competition, improve quality, develop skills, and control wages and prices for specific skills.
Definition
guilds
Term
Many different changes helped increase food production. One was the 3 field rotation and the other was a heavy, iron, wheeled plow called a __________.
Definition
Carruca
Term
_________ was an agricultural based estate ran by a local lord and worked by peasants.
Definition
Manor
Term
At the age of 10, one could become an ___________ under a master for 5 to 7 years where they would learn about a skill or craft.
Definition
apprentice
Term
The merchant class that built walled cities and aided in the downfall of feudalism were called the _______________
Definition
Bourgeoisie
Term
What is NOT true about peasant life in the Middle Ages?
Definition
If they worked hard, they would be able to move up in class
Term
The majority of peasants at the time were called ________ and were legally bound to the land having to farm the lord's crops but being guaranteed rights, lands, and protection.
Definition
Serfs
Term
____________ in the Mediterranean and ____________ in N. Europe were key places when it comes to the revival of trade and the growth of the merchant class.
Definition
Venice; Flanders
Term
New banks, trading companies, and a money economy were all parts of _____________ ___________ which is system where people invest in trade and goods to make profit
Definition
commercial capitalism
Term
When a king or noble would chose Church offices and give them a ring and staff was known as the practice of ____ _____________.
Definition
lay investiture
Term
The ___________ was a Holy Office or court that was created to try those who denied Church doctrine or beliefs. Those who confessed originally had to perform public penance, typically flogging; however, later they were tortured to confess in order to save their souls.
Definition
Inquisition
Term
The ___________ were group of monks that believe Benedictine Monasticism was too soft and should spend less time in service and more time doing good works.
Definition
Cistercians
Term
The _____________ were a group of monks that lived in poverty as their founder did to show the simplicity and poverty that was often asked of Christians to avoid material goods and temptation
Definition
Franciscans
Term
Pope Innocent III's favorite spiritual weapon was ________ which forbid the clergy in a region to give the holy sacraments. This ultimately would make that group pressure a king or noble to give in to the pope
Definition
Interdict
Term
The ______________ were a group of monks that actively searched for those that were guilty of denying basic Church doctrine (beliefs) which is called _________.
Definition
Dominicans; Heresy
Term
What 2 statements are true about religion in the Middle Ages?
Definition
Many went on pilgrimages to visit bones or objects of saints called relics
All parts of people's lives were dedicated to receiving God's grace and salvation
Term
Henry IV ignores the pope's decree and appoints a new bishop of Milan leading to Civil War. After the pope and Henry IV are removed, the new king and pope come to an agreement called the ______________ of _________.
Definition
Concordat of Worms
Term
Pope _____________ ____ (numeral) believed he was chosen by god to reform or fix the Church and decreed that anything Christian was to be handled by the Church.
Definition
Gregory VII
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