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| Economic arrangement resting on a set of rights and obligations between a lord and his serfs |
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| A political system in which nobles are granted use of lands that legally belong to the king in exchange for loyalty, military service, and protection of people living on the land |
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| A government in which power is in the hands of a single person |
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| Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters |
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| A person who received a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services |
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| A person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals |
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| An estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe |
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| A medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord's estate |
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| A code of behavior for knights, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion |
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| A unified body of law formed from rulings of England's royal judges that serves as the basis for law in many English-speaking countries |
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| The appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles |
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| In medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback |
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| A lord's estate in feudal Europe |
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| a body of officials that perform religious services--such as priests, ministers, or rabbis |
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| One of the Christian ceremonies in which God's grace is transmitted to people |
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| Taking away a person's right of membership in the Christian church |
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| The selling or buying of a position in the Christian church |
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| One of the expeditions in which medieval Christian warriors sought to recover control of the Holy Land from Muslims |
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| A medieval association of people working in the same occupation, which controlled its members' wages and prices |
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| A medieval merchant-class town dweller |
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| The veryday language of people in a region or country |
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| The body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church |
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| A body of representatives that makes laws for a nation |
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| A division in the medieval Roman Catholic Church, during which popes were established in Avignon and Rome |
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| A division in the medieval Roman Catholic Church, during which popes were established in Avignon and Rome |
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| A division in the medieval Roman Catholic Church, during which popes were established in Avignon and Rome |
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