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| the planting of seeds and harvesting of crops using domesticated animals |
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focus on economic, political, religious goals |
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| 6 million to 100 million people |
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Population increase – better
climate
Big game animals
decreasing – hunting yield
declined |
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| Domesticated what animals? |
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Definition
Pigs, Sheep, goats, and cattle.
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Groups that provide a framework for economic activities, governance and cultural forms(beliefs and artistic styles) |
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generates surplus beyond basic needs for survival
promotes a variety of specialized occupations and heightened social differences as well as regional and lond distance trading networks
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Hunters and Gathers > agriculture > metalworkers/nomadic herders
agriculture society around 10,000 BCE |
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| Agriculture encourages science |
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| Mesopatamia is between what two rivers |
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large urban center with a population in the tens of thousands whose residents pursue different occupations,the mark of specialized labor. |
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| Settlers from mediterranean and Turkey discovered |
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| Geographical term from Akkadian meaning the ancient region of southern Mesopotamia |
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meaning “wedge-shaped
- early writing system to help keep record |
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| established rules of procedure for courts of law and regulate rights & duties of family members, set harsh punishment |
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leading city (based on Gilgamesh) |
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Burn trees for the soil, then farm it until it’s gone |
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herding people w/ strong kin ties |
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A city whose ruler governs both the city center and countryside |
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Alloy of copper and tin used to make earliest metal tools |
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| First settlers of Mesopotamia? |
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| came from eastern mediterranean and western Turkey |
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Mesopotamia was difficult for crop growing. Why? |
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Definition
-Area lacked rainfall for sufficient crop growth
-Area also lacked naturally growing wild grain |
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| Because of flooding Settlers learned to use ________ to stop flooding |
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| Settled permanalty around? |
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| large urban centers of 10,000 people started around? |
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a)Food was grown in villages surrounding the city.
b)Surplus grain was stored in the temples of the city.
c)In exchange, the city offered the villages protection. |
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Developed city-statesthat controlled surrounding countryside |
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| City states were ruled by kings, kings were assisted by Nobles and Families and Temple priests. |
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One of the leading city-states of the region between 3400–3000 B.C.E.
a)Its population was between 40,000 and 50,000.
b)People who lived in Urukhadspecialized occupations and were divided into social classes.
c)Uruk’s guardian deity was Ishtar.
d)Uruk had walls made of sun-dried mud brick, which were 5 miles long. |
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Farmers used bronze plows, axes, hammers, and others tools.
a) more durable Neolithic Bone, Stone, or wood tools.
3500 B.C.E. the wheel was invented
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- Sumer
- Record trade or donations
-clay tablets
- wrote on cuniform starting around 700 BCE |
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