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| The ability to see the connection between the larger world and our personal lives. |
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| Anything that stands for something else and has a shared meaning attatched to it. Language, gestures, images, sounds, physical objects, events, and elements of the natural world can serce as symbols as long as people recognize that they convey a certain meaning |
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| Unintended and unrecognized consequence of some element of society. |
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| Systematic explanation of the relationship among phenomena. |
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| Negative consequence an element has for the stability of the social system. |
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| Description of the essential characteristics of some aspect of society. |
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| Perspective that holds that societies evolve toward stability and control. |
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| Positive consequence an element of society has for the maintenance of the social system. |
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| Study of the choices people make in an effort to satisfy their wants and needs. |
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| Science that deals with the behavior and thinking of organisms. |
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| Comparative study of various aspects of past and present cultures. |
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| An observable fact or event that involves the human society. |
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| Study of the organization and operation of governments. |
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| Functionalist Perspective |
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| Theoretical persepective that views society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. |
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| Intended and recognized consequence os some element of society. |
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| Empathetic understanding of the meanings others attatch to their actions. |
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| Study of how individual's behavior and personality are affected by the social environment. |
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| General set of assumptions about the nature of phenomena. In the case of Sociology, a theoretical perspective outlines certain assumptions about the nature of social life. |
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| Sum total of behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic of an individual. |
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| Break with past experiences and the learning of new values and norms. |
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| Taking or pretending to take the role of others. |
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| Setting in which people are isolatied from the rest of society for a period of time and subjected to the control of officials of varied ranks. |
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| Transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children. (MEAD) |
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| Specific people, such as parents, brothers, sisters, other relatives, and friends, who have a direct influence on our socialization. |
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| Unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern. |
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| Newspapers, magazines, books, television, radio, films, and other forms of communication that reach large audiences without personal contactbetween the individuals sending the information and those recieving it. |
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| Interactive process by which we develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others. |
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| Clean Slate. Each newborn baby is bon with a clean slate on which anything can be written. |
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| Wild or untamed children. |
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| Primary group composed of individuals of roughly equal age and social characteristics. |
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| Specific individuals, groups, and institutions that provide the situations in which socialization can occur. |
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| Internalized attitudes, expectations, and viewpoints of society that we use to guide our behavior and reinforce our sense of self. |
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| Social science that studies human society and social behavior. |
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| Capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge. |
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| Network of interrelated statuses and roles that guides human interaction. |
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| Socially defined position in a group or in a society. |
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| Behavior - the rgihts and obligations - expected of someone occupying a particular status. |
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| Individual, group, or societal interaction undertaken in an effort to recieve a reward in return for their reactions. |
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| Set of two or more people who interact on the basis of shared expectations and who posess some degree of common identity. |
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| Small group of people who interact over a relatively long period of time on a direct and personal basis. |
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| Group in which interaction is impersonal and temporary in nature. |
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| Large, complex secondary group that has been established to achieve specific goals. |
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| Ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures. |
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| Tendency of organizations to become increasingly dominated by small groups of people. |
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| Non-profit association formed to pursue common interest. |
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| A community of people who interact through the internet or other electronic communication. |
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| Impersonal social relationships, common in industrial societies, that arise with increased job specialization. |
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| Theory that holds that people are motivated by self-interests in their interactions with other people. |
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| Interaction that occurs when two or more persons or groups oppose each other to achieve a goal that only one can attain. |
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| Status that plays the greatest role in shaping a person's life and determining his or her social identity. |
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| Situation that occurs when a person has difficulty meeting the expectations of a single role. |
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