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| Placing close together for comparison/contrast |
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| One independent and at least one dependent clause. (I ate the meal that you cooked) |
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| At least two independent clauses. (Do you want to stay here, or would you like to go shopping with me?) |
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| One independent clause ONLY (The runner jumped.) |
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| words used to convey a meaning that is opposite of its literal meaning |
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| used to inform/explain/describe/define the author's subject |
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| Ridicule or mockery meant for destructive purposes |
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| Vices/follies/abuses/shortcomings are used for humor |
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| Consistency that is a product of paragraph unity and sentence cohesion |
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| A similarity between like features of two things, on which a comparison may be based |
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| Repetition of beginning sounds of words (apt alliteration's artful aid) |
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| Resemblance of sounds/rhyme (vowels repeating) |
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| Indicating/marking something |
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| Harsh discordance of sound |
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| Substitution for an expression that may offend, etc. |
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| The apparent/"literal" meaning is used to symbolize a deeper meaning (like a metaphor) |
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| repetition of consonant sounds anywhere in a word |
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| regular meter but no rhyme (iambic pentameter) |
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| no rhyme or meter, any pattern |
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| often has a repeated refrain, similar to a folk tale or legend |
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| Formal stanza structure, serious/meditative nature, lyrical poem |
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| 14 lines, one or more conventional rhyme schemes |
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| a statement that seems self-contradictory but in reality expresses a possible truth |
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