Term
|
Definition
| Research simply for the sake of research or "the search for new information" |
|
|
Term
| Applied Science (technology) |
|
Definition
| involves actually using science to improve the technology around us and ease everyday life |
|
|
Term
| Steps of the scientific method |
|
Definition
1. State the question
2. Collect information
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Test the hypothesis
5. Observe the results
6. Record the data
7. Analyze the data
8. Form a conclusion |
|
|
Term
| Independent (manipulated) variable |
|
Definition
| The variable in an experiment that you change. There can only be ONE independent variable. |
|
|
Term
| Dependent (responding) variable |
|
Definition
| The factor in an experiment you are measuring as a result of changing the independent variable. |
|
|
Term
| Valid scientific experiment |
|
Definition
- valid experimental set up
- valid experimental subjects
(One independent variable, one measurable dependent variable and all other variables kept constant) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the group in an experiment that is used as a standard for comparison. In this group no variables get changed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the other variables in an experiment that remain unchanged |
|
|
Term
When graphing what do you put of the:
- x-axis
- y-axis |
|
Definition
Independent goes on the x-axis
Dependent goes on the y-axis |
|
|
Term
| Uses of line graphs vs. bar graphs |
|
Definition
line graph- two quantitative variables
bar graph- one qualitative and one quantitative variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total distance the object has traveled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How far the object is from its original position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of distance traveled in a specific amount of time plus a direction (vector quantity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of distance traveled in a specific amount of time (scalar quantity so abosolute value of velocity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the rate of change in an objects velocity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what must take place for acceleration to occur |
|
Definition
- change in direction
- speeding up
- slowing down |
|
|
Term
| units for speed, distance and acceleration |
|
Definition
speed- m/s
distance- m
acceleration- m/s2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the push or pull one object exerts on another |
|
|
Term
balanced and unbalanced forces??
(still dont really get this one) |
|
Definition
balanced- the net force on the object is 0
unbalanced- the net force on the object is more or less than 0 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency of objects to resist any change in motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the attractive force of one object on another that exists everywhere that matter exists (holds us down to the earth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how much matter an object contains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the measure of the force of gravity on an objects mass |
|
|
Term
| acceleration due to gravity on earth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the acceleration of an object is related to the net force acting on it and the mass of the object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction |
|
|
Term
| Newton's law of Universal Gravitation |
|
Definition
| Any two objects exert a gravitational force of attraction on eachother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when an object stops accelerating due to the force of gravity equaling the air resistance because of the increase in velocity as the object falls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the force which air molecules exert upon a moving object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a force that opposes motion between two touching surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the quantity of motion that an object has because of its mass and velocity
(kgm/s) |
|
|
Term
| Law of conservation of momentum |
|
Definition
| the total momentum of a group of objects does not change unless outside forces (usually friction) act upon the objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to do work or cause change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
electrical energy- the energy of charged attraction
(energy we get from a household circuit)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
magnetic energy- the energy of polar attraction
(magnet picking up "magnetic substances) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mechanicle energy- the energy of machines doing work
(a turning motor) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heat (thermal) energy- the energy of burning calories, usually noticed through changes in temperature
(warming a cup of water until the water undergoes a phase change) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
light (radiant) energy- the energy radiating from waves
(UV rays from the sun give off light energy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemical energy- the energy of breaking bonds in chemical reactions
(a battery that turns a chemical reaction inside itself into energy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nuclear energy- the energy of atomic reactions in the nucleus of the atoms
(radioactive decay like at nuclear power plants) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gravitational energy- the energy from using the pull of gravity
(water from a waterfall) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factors that affect kinetic energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factors that affect potential energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| law of conservation of energy |
|
Definition
| in a closed system, all energy is conserved (the energy is transferred) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of energy required to move an object a certain distance with a specific force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any device that makes work easier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- wheel and axel
- screw
- lever
- pulley
- wedge
- inclined plane
|
|
|
Term
mechanicle advantage
(need this one) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first class lever- the fulcrum is located in between the resistance arm and the effort arm
second class lever- the resistance is located between the effort force and the fulcrum
third class lever- the effort force is located in between the fulcrum and the resistance |
|
|
Term
| how does work input compare to work output??? |
|
Definition
| work output will always be less than work input due to friction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disturbance that transfers energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a source of energy causes a vibration in a medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- longitudinal
- transverse
- surface |
|
|
Term
| four characteristics of waves |
|
Definition
- amplitude
- frequency
- speed
- wavelength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waves whose mediums move the same direction as overall wave travel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waves whose mediums travel perpendicualr to overall wave travel |
|
|
Term
| what type of waves are sound waves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factors that affect the speed of sound |
|
Definition
- elaticity
- density
- temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
how high or low the sound appears to our ears
- affected by frequency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
how much of a mediums vibrations pass in a given time
- affected by amplitude |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a wave hits a surface that it cannot pass through and bounces back |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bending of a wave due to change in speed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bending of waves due to an obstacle in its path |
|
|
Term
| constructive interference |
|
Definition
| crests aline with crests and troughs with troughs so amplitudes combine to be greater than the original amplitude |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| troughs aline with crests and crests with troughs so amplitudes cancel eacthother out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waves that carry energy without requiring a medium are created by changing electrical and magnetic feilds |
|
|
Term
| what type of waves are EM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the speed of EM waves in a vacuum |
|
Definition
|
|
