Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Microbiology (Chapter 20)
Flashcards for Micro Chapter 20! :)
39
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
04/30/2012

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Urethetritis
Definition
Inflammation of the urtehra
Term
Cystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the bladder
Term
Urethrocystitis
Definition
  • Most common type of UTI
  • Spreads from urethra to bladder
Term
Prostatis
Definition
  • Inflammation of the prostate
  • Normally happens when males have UTI
Term
Dysuria
Definition
Burning when urinating
Term
Bacteria that Cause UTI
Definition
  • E. coli
  • Proteus mirabilis
  • Klebsiella pneumoiae
Term
Pyelonephritis
Definition
UTI spreads up to the kidneys
Term
Antibiotics to Treat UTI
Definition
  • Amoxicillin
  • Trimethoprim
  • Quinolones
  • Sulfonamides
Term
Glomerulonephritis
Definition
Kidney failure
Term
Leptospirosis
Definition
  • Caused by Leptospira interrogans
  • Infectious disease that affects the liver and kidneys in both humans and some animals
  • Bacteria live within the covoluted tbubules of the kidney and shed into the urine
Term
Gardnerella vaginalis
Definition
Accounts for 1/3 of bacterial vaginitis cases
Term
Trichomonas vaginalis
Definition
  • Large flagellate with four anterior flagella 
  • Infects urogenital tract
  • 5.5 to 6.0 is optimum pH
  • Symptoms:
    • Intense itching and white discharge
Term
Trichomoniasis
Definition
  • Treated by appication of metronidazole (Flagyl), which restores vaginal pH
  • Vinegar douche is also effective
Term
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Definition
  • Means "flow of seed"
  • Pus discharge is mistaken for semen
  • Discovered by Albert Neisser
  • Gram-negative, spherical diplococcus (looks like coffee beans facing each other)
  • SC is one of the worst states for gonorrhea
Term
Treponema pallidum
Definition
  • Causes syphillis
  • SC is one of the worst but getting better
Term
Incubation Stage of Syphilis
Definition
Over a period of 2 to 6 weeks after entering the body
Term
Primary Stage of Syphilis
Definition
An inflammatory response occuring three weeks after infection causes formation of a chancre (a painless sore)
Term
Primary Latent Period of Syphilis
Definition
All external signs of the disease disappears but blood tests  are positive
Term
Secondary Stage of Syphilis
Definition
All symptoms can appear, disappear and reappear for a periof up to 5 years while patient is highly contagious
Term
Tertiary Stage of Syphilis
Definition
Permanent damage occurs throughout various systems of the body
Term
Signs of Congenital Syphilis
Definition
  • Hutchinson's teeth (notched central incisors)
  • Saber shin (arching of the shin)
  • Saddle nose (short, turned up nose)
Term
Haemophilus ducreyi
Definition
  • Soft, painful chancres (lesions) which bleed easily and appear on the genitals 3-5 days after sexual exposure
  • Burning sensation after urination
  • 1/3 of patients get buboes (enlarged masses of lymphatic tissue on the groin)
Term
Chlamydia trachomatis
Definition
Causes buboes, enlarged masses of lymphatic tissue on the groin
Term
UTI Bacteria 
Definition
  • E. coli
  • Proteus mirabilis
  • Other bacterial species 
Term
UTI Characteristics
Definition
  • Dysuria (painful urination)
  • Chronic cystitis (urinary bladder inflammation)
  • Ascends or descends into urinary tract
Term
Pyelonephritis Bacteria
Definition
  • E. coli
  • Other bacterial species, sometimes Candida
Term
Pyelonephritis Characteristics
Definition
  • Inflammation of kidney pelvis
  • Often caused by blockage
  • Dysuria (painful urination)
  • Nocturia (night-time urination)
  • Fever
Term
Bacterial Vaginitis Bacteria
Definition
Gardnerella vaginalis with anaerobes
Term
Bacterial Vaginitis Characteristics
Definition
  • Frothy, fish smelling discharge
  • Pain 
  • Inflammation
Term
Trichomoniasis Parasite
Definition
Trichomonas vaginalis
Term
Trichomoniasis Characteristics
Definition
  • Intense itching
  • White discharge
Term
Syphilis Bacteria STD
Definition
Treponema pallidum
Term
Syphilis Characteristics
Definition
  • Primary stage: chancres
  • Secondary stage: mucous membrane lesions and rash
  • Tertiary stage: permanent cardiovascular and neuro damage
Term
Chancroid Bacteria
Definition
Haemophilus ducreyi
Term
Chancroid Characteristics
Definition
  • Painful, bleeding lesions on genitals
  • Ofent enlarged lymphatic buboes
Term
Virus that Causes Herpes Simplex Infections 
Definition
Herpes simplex virus
Term
Herpes Simplex Characteristics
Definition
  • Fever blisters (HSV1)
  • Genital herpes (HSV2)
  • Recurrent and painful lesions
  • Neonatal herpes
Term
Virus that Causes Genital Warts
Definition
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Term
Genital Warts Characteristics
Definition
  • Warts
  • Irritation and itching
  • Causes 99% of all cervical cancer
Supporting users have an ad free experience!