Term
| Reactants Must_____&______&_______. In order to react. |
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Definition
| Collide, in the correct orientation, and with enough energy to rearrange bonds. |
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Term
| What do enzymes do for a reaction? |
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Definition
| They lower the activation energy. |
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Term
| Are enzymes affected by reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzymes may be made of ______ or ________. |
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Definition
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Term
Important factors that can affect enzymatic activity?
Name 3 |
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Definition
| Temperature, PH, and cofactors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ions of Ca, Fe, Zn, and Mg, if it is an organic molecule it's a coenzyme. |
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Term
| Competitive inhibitors fill what site. |
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Definition
| They fill the active site of an enzyme and compete with the normal substrate for the active site |
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Term
| Noncompetitive inhibitors fill what site? |
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Definition
| These do not compete with the substrate for the enzyme's active site; instead, they interact with the Allosteric Site. |
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Term
| Folic acid is a substrate for _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What do allosteric enzymes do to the active site? |
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Definition
| They cause the enzymes active site to change shape which may stop substrate binding. |
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Term
| How do oxidation and reduction differ? |
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Definition
| Oxidation removes an electron, reduction gains an electron. These reactions are always coupled. |
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Term
| Catabolic reactions transfer energy from complex molecules to ______? |
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Definition
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Term
| Anabolic reactions transfer energy from ATP to _____? |
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Definition
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Term
| Na + Cl is what an oxidation and reduction coupling reaction. Which is oxidized and which is reduced? |
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Definition
| Na gives an e- so it is oxidized and Cl accepts an electron so it is reduced. |
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Term
| Glycolysis produces ATP and reduces NAD+ to _____ while glucose to pyruvic acid. In respiration, the pyruvic acid Is converted to the first reactant in the _____ cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Electron transport + chemiosmosis = |
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Definition
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Term
| Aerobic respiration produces _____ total ATP? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is O2 so important in electron transport + chemiosmosis? |
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Definition
| It is the final electron acceptor. |
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Term
| Why do H+ pumps require energy? |
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Definition
| They are moving protons across a concentration gradient. |
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Term
| Why is electron transport chemiosmosis always on a membrane? |
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Definition
| So they can be separated by a concentration gradient. |
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Term
| Is mitochondria located on the inner membrane or outer membrane? |
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Definition
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Term
| photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy from the sun into ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fermentation can happen without this molecule and produces _____ ATP. |
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Definition
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Term
| Chlorophyll is contained in flattened membrane sacs called ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Photophosphorylation is one of the three ways ATP is formed, and it occurs only in _____________ cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Calvin Cycle is defined as? |
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Definition
| A metabolic pathway found in the stroma of the chloroplast in which carbon enters in the form of CO2 and leaves in the form of sugar. |
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