Term
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Definition
| gives rigid support, protects against osmotic pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| sugar backbone with cross-linked peptide side chains |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| peptidoglycan for support, Lipoteichoic acid induces TNF and IL1 |
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Term
|
Definition
| side of endotoxin and major surface Ag |
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Term
| outer membrane chemical composition |
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Definition
| lipid A induces INF and IL1; polysaccharide is the Ag |
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Term
|
Definition
| site of oxidative and transport enzymes |
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Term
| plasma membrane chemical composition |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ribosome chemical composition |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| space between cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan wall in gram neg bacteria |
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|
Term
| periplasm chemical composition |
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Definition
| contains hydrolytic enzymes, including beta-lactamases |
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Term
|
Definition
| protects against phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| adherence of bacteria to cell surface; sex pills between 2 bacteria during conjugation |
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|
Term
| pilus/fimbriae composition |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| provides resistance to dehydration, heat and chemicals |
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Term
|
Definition
| keratin-lie coat; dipicolinic acid |
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Term
|
Definition
| contains a variety of genes for abc resistance, enymes and toxins |
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Term
|
Definition
| mediates adherences to surfaces especially foreign surfaces (catheters) |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| high lipid content in cell wall, contain my colic acid |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| clostridium, corynbacterium, bacillus, listeria, mycobacterium |
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|
Term
| gram positive branching filaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leptospira, borrelia, treponema |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what bugs do not gram stein well? |
|
Definition
| treponema, rickettsia, mycobacteria, mycoplasma, legionella, chlamydia |
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Term
|
Definition
| borrelia, plasmoium, trypanosomes, chlamydia |
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Term
|
Definition
| glycogen, mucopolysaccharides; T whippelii |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| mucicarmine on cryptococcus |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| chocolate agar with V and X |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hat does thayer martin media contain? |
|
Definition
| vancomycin, polymyxin, nystatin |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| tellurite plate; loffler's media |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| media for lactose fermenting enterics |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| charcoal yeast with cystein and iron |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nocardia, pseudomonas, TB, bacillus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clostridium, bacteroides, and actinomyces |
|
|
Term
| what abx can you not use against anaerobes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| metronidzole and clindamycin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rikettsia, chlamycia b/c can't make own ATP |
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Term
|
Definition
| salmonella, neisseria, brucella, mycobacterium, listeria, francisella, legionella, yersinia pestis |
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Term
|
Definition
| S penaumo, H fluB, n meningiditis, salmonella, klebsiela, GBS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| if encapsulated, the capsule swells when anti capsular antisera are added |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| catalase positive organisms |
|
Definition
| pseudomonas, listeria, actinomyces, candida, e coli, S aureus, serratia |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serratia marcescens pigment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: outer cell membrane of gram- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: secreted from cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: polypeptide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: lipopolysaccharide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: high toxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: low toxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: fever, shock |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: induces TNF and IL1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: induces high titer Ab |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: poorly antigenic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: toxoids as vaccines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: destroyed rapidly at 60C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: stable at 100C for 1 hr |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: tetanus, botulism, diphtheria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: meningococcemia, sepsis by gram- rods |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: genes in plasmid or bacteriophage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin vs. endotoxin: genes in bacterial chromosome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diphtheria toxin and exotoxin A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin |
|
|
Term
| mucosal damage -> dysentery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enhances cytokine relsease, causing HUS |
|
Definition
| shiga toxin, shiga-like toxin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heat-labile toxin, edema factor, cholera toxin |
|
|
Term
| exotoxin causing watery diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| responsible for edematous borders of black eschar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exotoxin causing rice water stools |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cleaves SNARE rote in required for NT release |
|
Definition
| tetanospasmin and botulinum toxin |
|
|
Term
| inhibits GABA and glycine release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| phospholipase that degrades tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exotoxin causing gas gangrene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exotoxin that degrades cell membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ab against this toxin detects rheumatic fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bring MHC II and TCR in proximity to cause overwhelming release of IFN-gamma dn IL2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exotoxins causing toxic shock syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| endotoxin effect on macrophages |
|
Definition
| activates leading to release of IL1, TNF and NO |
|
|
Term
| toxin effects on complement and clotting |
|
Definition
activates alternative pathway -> C3a and C5a effects
activates hangmen factor -> DIC |
|
|
Term
| lag phase of bacterial growth |
|
Definition
| metabolic activity without division |
|
|
Term
| exponential phase of bacterial growth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| stationary phase of bacterial growth |
|
Definition
| nutrient depletion slows growth; spore formation in some bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ability to take up DNA from environment |
|
|
Term
| what organisms use transformation? |
|
Definition
| s pneumo, H flu, neisseria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| F+ plasmid containes genes for conjugation, bacteria without this are F-; plasmid is replicated and transferred through pious from F+ cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| F+ can be incorporated into bacterial chromosomal DNA = Hfr; transfer of plasmid and chromosomal genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| segment of DNA can jump from one location to another, transfer genes from plasmid to chromosome and vice versa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| packaging event; lytic phage infects bacterium leading to cleavage of bacterial DNA and synthesis of viral preens; bacterial chromosomal DNA becomes packaged in viral capsid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision event; lysogenic phage infects bacterium; viral DNA is incorporated into bacterial chromosome, when phage DNA is excised, bacterial genes may be excised with it |
|
|
Term
| 5 bacterial toxins encoded in the lysogenic phage |
|
Definition
| shiga-like toxin, botulinum, cholera, diphtheria, erythrogenic toxin of S pyogenes |
|
|
Term
| urease positive organisms |
|
Definition
| proteus, ureaplasma, nocardia, cryptococcus, H pylori, klebsiella, S epidermidis, S saphrophyticus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| S pneumo, H flu, N meningitidis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| binds Fc regiong of Ig; S aureus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevents phagocytosis; GAS |
|
|
Term
| examples of conjugated vaccines |
|
Definition
| pneumovax, H influenzae B, maningococcal |
|
|
Term
| vaccines for polysaccharide capsule Ag |
|
Definition
| a protein is conjugated to the polysaccharide capsule to promote T cell activaiton |
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