Term
| What are common vehicles of transmission for Giardiasis, "Beaver Fever"? |
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Definition
| Contaminated water (downstream of beaverdams), direct contact. |
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Term
| What is the etiology for Giardiasis, beaver fever? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is tthe pathogenesis for Giardiasis? |
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Definition
| Protozao ingested as cysts germinate in the small intestine germinate and grow there. |
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Term
| What are sympotms of giardiasis? |
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Definition
| Diarrhea and inhibits nutrient uptake. |
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Term
| Where do you commonly se Giardiasis and why? |
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Definition
| Day care centers since it is highly contagious. It alsohas low mortality. |
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Term
| What is the treatment for Giardiasis? |
|
Definition
| Metronidazole; synthetic drug. nontoxic when oxygen is present, becomes toxic in anaerobic conditions like in GI tract. |
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Term
| What is one of three major etiologies leading to childhood death worldwide? |
|
Definition
| Rotavirus, 6000,000 deaths per yr worldwide, mostly in children |
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Term
| What is treatment for rotavirus? |
|
Definition
| Rehydration (prevents death in children, vaccine recently developed. |
|
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Term
| What are symptoms of Rotavirus? |
|
Definition
| Vomiting and diarrhea for a week or so. |
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Term
| What is named for Norwalk, Ohio? |
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Definition
| Norwalk virus (or Norwalk agent; norovirus) |
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Term
| What are sympotms of Norwalk Virus and where does it commonly occur? |
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Definition
| After 24-48hr incubation, 24h vomiting and diarrhea, virus then sed in feces for up to a week, this contributes in the cruise ship outbreaks. |
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Term
| Treatment for Norwalk virus? |
|
Definition
| Rehydration, virtually no mortality. |
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Term
| What do viral hepatitis infect and what are common symptoms? |
|
Definition
| Liver cells; causes inflammatory response yielding Nausea (weeks) some vomiting, abdominal pain and jaundice. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Yellowing of skin caused by colored bile salts leaking into circulation, tinting skin and eyes. |
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Term
| What is the route for Hepatitis A and E? amd what is the transmission route? |
|
Definition
| Oral fecal route, common vehicle (food) and direct contact. |
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Term
| Which Hepatitis is endemic to shellfish in Far East? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which 2 hepatitis could be classified as mild and why is that? |
|
Definition
| A and E, low mortality, full recovery and immunity upon recovery, no permanet liver damage. |
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Term
| What is HDV also refered to as? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What route of infection is taken for both HBV and HDV? |
|
Definition
| Parental route, also sexually transmitted. |
|
|
Term
| What must be present in order for HDV to replicate? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What does the HBV vaccine protect aginst? |
|
Definition
| Bothe HBV and HDV, since HBV is needed, this is a very effective vaccine and is required in the US. |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic infection, progresive liver damage in 10% of patients, low grade fever and rash. Can lead to liver failure and liver cancer. |
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|
Term
| Where is HBV and HDV found? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| in blood, less so in semen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| rarely sexually transmitted, more oftern parenterally |
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|
Term
| What is treatment for HCV? |
|
Definition
| Interferon, a cytokine isolated from a subclass of T cells and virally-infected cells, tnds to render cells resistant to virus. |
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Term
| Which Hepatitis does not have a vaccine? |
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Definition
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