Term
| What is the blood brain barrier? |
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Definition
| A barrier between the bloodstream and the brain, blocks, drugs, toxins, microorganisms. Inflammatin can yield a more porous barrier |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Membranes lining brain and spinal cord. Pia, arachnoid and dura |
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Term
| What is the normal flora of the CNS? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 5 etiologies of bacterial meningitis? |
|
Definition
-Haemophilus
-Streptococcus pneumoniae
-Neisseria sp.
-Listeria sp.
-Group B Streptococcus |
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Term
| How do you detect bacterial meningitis? |
|
Definition
| Graim stain/culture of spinal tap |
|
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Term
| What is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How do you get streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis |
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Definition
| Results from spread of bacteria from primary infection.,Pneumoccal pneimonia, Ear infection, sinuse infection. |
|
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Term
| What type of bacterial meningitis is common among newborns? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How does someone get get Group B Streptococcus meningitis? |
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Definition
| transfer of fecal/vaginal strep to infant during birth. |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat streptococcal meningitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of meningitis is common in youth/young adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology for meningococcal meningitis? |
|
Definition
| Neisseria meningitidis, gram neg. diplococcus |
|
|
Term
| How does a meningococcal meningitis infection proceed? |
|
Definition
| Begins with cold-like sympotms, advances to meningitis sympotms, skin hemorrhages and in extreme cases death within 24h. |
|
|
Term
| What route does meningococcal meningitis take? |
|
Definition
| Respiratory route from asymptomatic human reservoir,sometimes normal flora |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for meningococcal meningitis? |
|
Definition
| rifampicn and there is a vaccine. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology for Haemophilus meningitis? |
|
Definition
| Haemophilus influenza serotype b |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common meningitis i young children and why is it becoming rarer? |
|
Definition
| Haemophilus, vaccine now available based on capsular polysaccharide. |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for Haemophilus meningitis? |
|
Definition
| Chloramphenicol or rifampicin. |
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology for Listeriosis? |
|
Definition
| Listeria monocytogenes, faculative anaerobic gram positive. |
|
|
Term
| What usually occurs with LIsteriosis? |
|
Definition
| foodborne disease causing GI symtoms, meningitis is a complication of this infection, yields miscarriage in pregnant women. |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment for Listeriosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Leprosy also known as? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the etiology of Leprosy? |
|
Definition
| Mycobacterium leprae, acid fase gram positive rod that grows at temps below 37 C |
|
|
Term
| True or False Lepers are not contagious. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two ways leprosy presents itself? |
|
Definition
Tuberculoid- self limiting disease (majority)
Lepromatous-progressive and disfiguring (minority) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
•! Tuberculoid leprosy
–!CMI responses prevent spread of infection past
peripheral nerves
–!Patient has patches of skin having lost sensation
–!Such skin may have bumpy tubercles at periphery
–!Not contagious-ex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-CMI immunity is lacking in some people
-Invasive, deforming as skin and mucous membranes are infected
-Somewhat contagious
-Very rare, even where endemic |
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