Term
| Name the components of the Staphylococcus cell wall. |
|
Definition
Peptidoglycan
Protein A
Teichoic acid |
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Term
| How is penicillinase a virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Definition
| Penicillinase is a beta-lactamas enzyme which breaks down the beta-lactam molecule of penicillins and cephalosporins, thus inactivating many of these antibiotics |
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Term
| What is the gram stain and catalase result for genus Staphylococcus? |
|
Definition
Gram Stain: GPC CL
Catalase test: Positive |
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Term
| What is the gram stain and catalase result for family Streptococcaceae? |
|
Definition
Gram Stain: GPC P/C
Catalase test: Negative |
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Term
| List three clinical presentations for genus Streptococcus. |
|
Definition
Pyogenic
Oral source
Enteric source |
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Term
| List seven possible infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus). |
|
Definition
1)Streptococcal pharyngitis (Strep throat)
2) Scarlet fever
3) Streptococcal skin and soft tissue infections
4) Post-Streptococcal rheumatic fever
5) Post Streptococcal Acute Glomerulonephritis
6) Nosocomial
7) Pneumonia / empyema |
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Term
| How may a newborn infant become infected with Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus)? |
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Definition
| Infant becomes infected by group B streptococci of the genital tract |
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Term
| List two infections caused by the Enterocuccus species (Group D). |
|
Definition
1) Nosocomial infections
2) Endocarditis |
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|
Term
| What does the name viridans refer to? |
|
Definition
| Viridans referts to alpha hemolysis or a green discoloration on SBA |
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Term
| List four diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) |
|
Definition
1) Pneumococcal pneumonia
2) Pneumococcal meningitis
3) Other cited infections
4) Serious drug resistance problems |
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|
Term
| What is the gram stain report and hemolytic pattern on SBA for Group A and Group B Streptococcus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the key differential reactions for Group A Streptococcus. |
|
Definition
PYR positive
Bacitracin susceptible |
|
|
Term
| List the key differential reactions for Group B Streptococcus. |
|
Definition
HIPP positive
CAMP positive |
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|
Term
| List the key differential reactions for Group D Streptococcus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the key differential reactions for Enterococcus. |
|
Definition
ESC positive
PYR positive
6.5% NaCL positive |
|
|
Term
| List the key differential reactions for Streptococcus pneumoniae |
|
Definition
Optochin susceptible
Bile soluble |
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|
Term
| What is the gram stain report, oxidase result, and nutritional requirements for Neisseria? |
|
Definition
Gram stain: GNDC
Oxidase positive
Requires enriched media |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the capsule present in some species of Neisseria? |
|
Definition
| Inhibits opsonization and phagocytosis |
|
|
Term
| How is Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Via direct mucous membrane contact - usually sexual |
|
|
Term
| List several diseases caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. |
|
Definition
| Acute urethritis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Anorectal and oropharyngeal gonorrhea, Disseminated gonococcal infection, Conjunctivitis |
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|
Term
| How is Neisseria meningitidis transmitted and from where is it most frequently isolated? |
|
Definition
| Human to human transmission via droplet aerosols and secretions, isolated most frequently from the oro- or nasopharynges |
|
|
Term
| List two pathogens of genus Neisseria |
|
Definition
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis |
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|
Term
| Name one supplemented selective media used for primary isolation of gonococcus. |
|
Definition
| Modified Thayer Martin- MTM |
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|
Term
| Name three Neisseria that will grow on MTM. |
|
Definition
1) Neisseria lactamica
2) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
3) Neisseria meningitidis |
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|
Term
| What are the Gonochek results for the following: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria lactimica |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the gram stain for members of the family Enterobacteriaceae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which organism causes hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)? |
|
Definition
| Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) |
|
|
Term
| What can be said about Shigella in terms of its reactivity when compared to other members within the family? |
|
Definition
| Least reactive member of the family Enterobacteriaceae |
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|
Term
| Would you be more concerned about possible Salmonella infection when eating an undercooked chicken sandwich or an undercooked hamburger? |
|
Definition
| An undercooked chicken sandwich |
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|
Term
| (T/F) Edwardsiella is commonly isolated in humans. |
|
Definition
| False, Edwardsiella is rarely isolated from humans |
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|
Term
| What is the citrate result for memebers of genus Citrobacter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Apply Klebsiella growing on a MAC plate. |
|
Definition
| Medium to large, slimy-mucoid, RLF |
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequent isolate of the Enterobacter species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which species of Serratia often produces a red pigment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is most striking about the colony morphology on BAP of the genus Proteus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Morganella an NLF or an RLF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| From what animal can Providencia be isolated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some sources of Hafnia? |
|
Definition
| Human feces, Birds, Sewage, Soil, Water |
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|
Term
| Which species of Yersinia causes bubonic plague? |
|
Definition
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