Term
| what is the size of a virus ? |
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Definition
| 18 nanometers - 2.2 micro meters |
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Term
| what are the 3 basic morphological virus types? |
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Definition
| Helical, Isohedral, complex |
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Term
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Definition
| virus that infects bacteria |
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Term
| plant virus's have mostly what type of nucleic acid? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Do virus's replicate or reproduce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cytopathic affect? |
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Definition
| Cytopathic effect (CPE) refers to degenerative changes in cells (especially in tissue culture) associated with the multiplication of certain viruses. |
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Term
| what are 3 visible changes to cells on a monolayer when innoculated with a virus? |
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Definition
| Cell rounding and gaps, synctia (multinucleated giant cells), inclusions |
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Term
| what are 5 ways of controlling human virus Disease? |
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Definition
| 1.hygiene, 2. vector, 3.lifestyle changes, 4.antiviral agents, 5 vaccinaton |
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Term
| what are 5 ways anti-viral agents work? |
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Definition
1. interfere with virus attachment/entry
2. interfere with virus fusion
3. inhibit virus transcription
4. Inhibit virus assembly
5. interefer with virus release |
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Term
| what is Acyclovir used for? |
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Definition
| herpesvirus (it inhibit virus transcription/replication) |
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Term
| what are the 3 types of vaccines? |
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Definition
| live (attenuated), killed (inactivated), sub-unit (genetically engineered) |
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Term
|
Definition
| transmissible spongiform encephalopathies |
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Term
| what are some human TSE's? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| mad cow disease is caused by a what? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the normal healthy gene that codes for protein |
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Definition
| PrPc which is found mainly on nuerons and thought to be involved in synpatic function |
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Term
| Bacteria are of which kingdom |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is size of bacteria cells |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Bacteria are all chemoheterotrophic, what is this? |
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Definition
| feeding on organic material without photosynthesis: used to describe an organism that obtains its nourishment from organic, as opposed to inorganic, substances and does not require light energy for its metabolism. |
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Term
| the colour of basic dyes is in what ion (pos or neg) |
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Definition
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Term
| the colour of acidic dyes are in the what ion? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacterial cells are slighlty negative or positive charged? |
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Definition
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Term
| safranin, and crystol violet will be basic or acidically charged |
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Definition
| basic (positively) charged |
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Term
| Negative staining stains the inner parts of the cell true or false.. |
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Definition
| F, it does noit stain the cell but stains the background |
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Term
| when desribing bacteria under a microscope, which thing will u mention |
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Definition
| shape, arrangement, size, inclusions (spores,cysts) |
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Term
| a colony has how many types of bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
| growth on an agar, that is not required or expected is called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a bacteria that needs very small mount of O2 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The macConkey Agar contains what? |
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Definition
| bile salts (git bacteria), dyes (select G-ve), and salt (halophiles) |
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Term
| what is indole test used for? |
|
Definition
| E Coli is th main positive |
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|
Term
| what is the urease test used for? |
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Definition
| Proteus is the main positive.. |
|
|
Term
| what is oxidase used for? |
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Definition
| Divides G-ve bacilli into 2 grps |
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|
Term
| what is catalase used for? |
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Definition
| divides G+ve cocci into 2 grps |
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|
Term
| pseudomonadaceae are all oxidase what/ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| enterobacteriacease are all oxidase what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is seen with the indole test? |
|
Definition
| if positive them powder tuns blue (e coli) |
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|
Term
| importantly gram positive cocci are very similar in microscopic appearance... so how would you tell staph from strept? |
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Definition
| strep are catalse negative, while staph is catalase positive |
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|
Term
| what is added in the catalase test? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| presence or multiplication of pathogenic microbes in or on the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| harmful alteration of physiological state of host |
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Term
| define a vehicle in terms of infection |
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Definition
| an inanimate substanece within or upon which infectious agents may be delivered to a suspectible host |
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Term
| malaris is carried by what? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| complete absence of anty type of living organism |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| killing most organism to an acceptable level |
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Term
| define thermal death point.. |
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Definition
| lowest temp where all microbes will be killed in a liquid suspension in 10 minutes |
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Term
| how hot is the autclave for material to be sterile in 15 mins |
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Definition
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|
Term
| at 134 degrees how long must the material remain in autoclave to be sterile |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what heat is required for dry heat, for how long |
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Definition
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