Term
| What is the maximum allowable time before a specimen should be received in the lab and why? |
|
Definition
| 2 hours because any time greater that that compromises quality |
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum transport time for a Urine culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum transport time for a CSF culture? |
|
Definition
| Immediately - STAT procedure |
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum transport time for a Genital culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of an initial gram stain? |
|
Definition
| To expedite the diagnosis and treatment of the patient |
|
|
Term
| SBA, MAC, HEK, and XLD are plates routinely setup on a stool specimen. What are two other types of media that can be setup and why? |
|
Definition
1. TCBS if Vibrio spp. is suspected
2. CAMPY if Campylobacter spp is suspected |
|
|
Term
| What are the optimal specimen conditions for a Sputum culture? |
|
Definition
| One per day for 3 days, deep cough production from an early morning specimen |
|
|
Term
| What is the optimal specimen condition for a Fecal culture? |
|
Definition
| Direct collection of feces into cup |
|
|
Term
| What is the optimal specimen condition for a CSF culture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the optimal transport condition for a specimen suspected of containing Neisseria spp? |
|
Definition
| Within 2 hours with no refrigeration |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 possible reasons for specimen rejection? |
|
Definition
1. Leaking of the container
2. Gross contamination
3. Improper container / collection |
|
|
Term
| What's the proper media for a Throat specimen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the proper media for a Sputum specimen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the proper media for a CSF specimen? |
|
Definition
| (Same as Wound) IGS, BAP, SCA, MAC, THIO |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper media for a Wound Specimen? |
|
Definition
| (Same as CSF) IGS, BAP, SCA, MAC, THIO |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper media for a Genital specimen? |
|
Definition
| IGS (male only), BAP, SCA, MAC, TM |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper media for a Urine specimen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why isn't a direct gram stain diagnostic for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on a female? |
|
Definition
| Some normal flora will have same gram stain |
|
|
Term
| Why is a colony count performed on a urine specimen? |
|
Definition
| To distinguish urogenital contamination from a true infection |
|
|
Term
| The colony count on a urine culture was calculated to be 8,000 CFU/ml for isolate A and 12,000 CFU/ml for isolate B. The urinalysis indicated no WBC's (negative LE) present in the specimen. What would be the probable interpretation of the colony count for this specimen in terms of infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is the BAP plate stabbed 4-5 times in the first quadrant, after streaking but before incubation? |
|
Definition
| To observe for Streptolysin O |
|
|
Term
| After incubating a properly inoculated clean catch urine specimen, you observe two colony types on the SBA. One colony type stained as a GPB, palisades and the other colony, a GNB, NPA. You count 30 colonies of the GPB isolate and 105 colonies of the GNB isolate. Properly report the colony count for this specimen. |
|
Definition
30,000 CFU/mL of GPB, palisades
105,000 CFU/mL of GNB, NPA |
|
|
Term
| Why is a sputum evaluation performed and what criterion is used to evaluate the source specimen? |
|
Definition
| To determine the adequacy of the specimen by color, viscosity and presence of gross blood. |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal flora found in blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The transient invasion of the bloodstream by bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The presence of actively multiplying bacteria and/or their toxins in the blood stream |
|
|
Term
| What is the recommended volume of blood to broth ratio for adults? children? |
|
Definition
| between 1:5 and 1:10. Same |
|
|
Term
| After the blood has been drawn from the patient its volume is divided, why? |
|
Definition
| 1/2 is aerobic and the other is anaerobic |
|
|
Term
| What are the recommended time intervals that would be performed for "blind" subcultures? |
|
Definition
| 24 hrs, 72 hrs, 7 days, anytime the bottle appears positive |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 indications that a specimen may be growing an anaerobe? |
|
Definition
1. Turbidity
2. Gas bubbles
3. Hemolysis or coagulation |
|
|
Term
| What are two types of media used to culture anaerobic bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum transport time and conditions for an anaerobe culture? |
|
Definition
| 2 hrs, PRAS Cary Blair agar, Vacutainer Anaerobic Transport System, Bio-bag, Anaerobe jars |
|
|
