Term
| What are the 2 immunity systems? |
|
Definition
1.cell mediated
2.anti-body medicated(humoral) |
|
|
Term
| What are the cells of Cell mediated immunity? What do they defend against? |
|
Definition
-T-cells
-defend against infections like tuberculosis, viral and fungal |
|
|
Term
| What does cell-mediated immunity cause? What does it regulate? |
|
Definition
-allergic response(poison oak)
-graft and tumor rejection
-regulation of antibody response |
|
|
Term
| What are the cells of humoral/antibody immunity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does humoral/antibody immunity defend against? |
|
Definition
| bacteria, toxins, viruses |
|
|
Term
| What is humoral/antibody immunity responible for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immune response may be blank or blank. |
|
Definition
| natural(innate), acquired(adaptive) |
|
|
Term
| Are natural immunities specific? Are they acquired from a previous exposure? Do they improve after exposure? Have memory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some host defenses in natural immunity? |
|
Definition
-skin
-natural killer cells
-phaygocytosis
-inflammation
-complement proteins |
|
|
Term
| What is the complement system? |
|
Definition
| group of 20+ proteins that assist in other defense mechanisms |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 complement pathways? |
|
Definition
-classical(antibody dependent)
-alternative(spontaneous) |
|
|
Term
| What is acquired immunity medicated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does acquired immunity have memory? What are the 2 grouos? |
|
Definition
-long term memory
-passive or active |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| yes high molecular weight |
|
|
Term
| What are the cells of the immune system made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four type of leukocytes? |
|
Definition
1.granulocytes
2.lymphocytes
3.monocytes
4.dendritic cells |
|
|
Term
| Where are leukocytes produced? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some different types of granulocytes? |
|
Definition
| neutrophils, esinophils, basophils |
|
|
Term
| What are the different lymphocytes? |
|
Definition
| T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells |
|
|
Term
| What are monocytes a precursor to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much % of total lymphocytes does T-cells make up? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do T-cells arise? Where do they migrate to mature? |
|
Definition
-arise in bone marrow
-mature in thymus |
|
|
Term
| What happens to T cells during maturation? |
|
Definition
| develop receptors(sensitization) that allow them to differentiate |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for T helper cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do helper T cells produce? |
|
Definition
| cytokins that stimulate macrophages, NK cells, dendrite, and other helper T cells |
|
|
Term
| What do some helper T cells do? |
|
Definition
| turn on B cells so they can make antibodies |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of T cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do T cytotoxic cells do? |
|
Definition
| only t cells that directly attack and kill diseased cells, including cancer |
|
|
Term
| What are two effector functions of T cells? |
|
Definition
-delayed hypersensitivity
-cytotoxicity(graft rejection) |
|
|
Term
| What are the regulatory functions of Tcells? |
|
Definition
-regulates antibody production
-cell mediated immunity
-suppression of certain immune responses |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 important functions of B cells? |
|
Definition
-differeientate into plasma cells and prdice antibodies
-antigen presenting cells |
|
|
Term
| B cells are involved in the BLANK immune response. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antibodies are from BLANK cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do B cells have the capacity to form memory cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are macrophages responsible for? |
|
Definition
| transporting and processing antigens |
|
|
Term
| What kind of cell is natural killer cells? What do they do? |
|
Definition
| lymphocyte, nonspecific, kills virus and tumor infected cells |
|
|
Term
| What are the most numerous white blood cell? (60%) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are PMN's capable of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neutrophils migrate in response to chemotaxis, what is this called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the first line of defense? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which cells are the key regulators of the immune system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do dentritic cells do? |
|
Definition
| profesional antigen presenting cell, can activate t and b cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immunoglobins that react specifically with antigen |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 classes of antibodies? |
|
Definition
1.IgG
2.IgM
3.IgA
4.IgD
5.IgE |
|
|
Term
| What type of bonds bind the chains of antobodies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are variable antibodies? |
|
Definition
| highly specific, bonds to antigen |
|
|
Term
| What are constant antibodies? |
|
Definition
| came configuration f antibody reguardless of antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-predominantly secondary response
-only antibody to cross placenta
-capable of activating the classical complement pathway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-primary response
-efficient in agglutination(clumping)
-10 binding sites
-LARGEST
-capable of activating the classical complement pathway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-main in saliva
-j chain, secretory component |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-anaphylactic reaction
-targets certain parasites |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-anaphylactic reaction
-IgE binds to mast cells and basophils |
|
|
Term
| What do mast cells release? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is pallor a sign of histimine release? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type II allergic reaction |
|
Definition
-cytotoxic
-complement-mediated lysis
-transfusion reactions
-IgG |
|
|
Term
| Type III allergic reaction |
|
Definition
-immune complex
-antibody deposited in tissues
-tissue destruction
-IgG |
|
|
Term
| Type IV allergic reaction |
|
Definition
-delayed
-helper T cells
-release of cytokins
-cell mediated
-EX ppd skin test |
|
|
Term
| Are most autoimmune disorders cell or antibody mediated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are most autoimmune disorders genetic? More common in males or females? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of autoimmune disorders? |
|
Definition
-type I diabetes
-lupus
-scleroderma |
|
|
Term
| What is scleroderma associated with? |
|
Definition
| raynaud's phenomenon, widening of the PDL |
|
|
Term
| What is the cellular site for protein synthesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the smallest units of proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is used to test intermediate sterilization? |
|
Definition
| mycobacterium tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
| What is the biological marker for sterilization equipment? |
|
Definition
| bacillus stearothermophilus |
|
|
Term
| What is sodium bicarbonate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are mitochondria associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary cells of the PDL? |
|
Definition
|
|
