Term
| 4 Antiviral Modes of Action |
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Definition
1. Uncoating
2. Nucleic Acid Synthesis
3. Assembly
4. release |
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Term
| Name the 5 Antibacterial Modes of Action and give examples of drugs for each |
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Definition
1. Cell Wall- Beta lactams, Vancomycin, Bacitracin
2. Nucleic Acid Synthesis- Fluoroquinolones and Rifamycin
3. Cell Membrane- Polymyxin B and Cubicin
4. Metabolism/ Folic acid synthesis- Sulfa drugs and Trimethoprim
5. Protein synthesis- Aminoglycosides, tetracycline, macrolides, linosamides(clindamycin) mupirosin, synercid |
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Term
| 3 Antifungal modes of action |
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Definition
1. Plasma membrane
2. Cell wall
3. Cell division |
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Term
| Antiprotozoal drug for Intestinal Infections |
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Definition
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Term
| Antiprotozoal drugs against Malaria |
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Definition
| Choleroquine and Artemisinin |
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Term
| Antiprotozoal drugs against Helminths |
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Definition
1. Ivermectin: for round worms, filarial worms, pinworms, lice, mites
2. Piperazine: for tapeworms, filarial worms, schistosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| drug targets an aspect of pathogen that we don't have- so it won't harm us too. The higher the therapeutic index the safer the drug |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug enters cell, but efflux pumps it back out |
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Term
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Definition
| Porin proteins prevent entry into cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme modifies drug and inactivates it |
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Term
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Definition
| cause disease in a normal host |
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Term
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Definition
| commonly present in normal flora, only cause disease in immunocompromised patients |
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Term
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Definition
| below the infectious dose (< id50), not highly virulent |
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Term
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Definition
| enough present to cause signs and symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| apparent upon examination |
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Term
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Definition
| effects only patient notices |
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Term
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Definition
| pathogen doesn't want to kill hostb before it can replicate and spread to new host. Viruses become low grade and hosts become immune |
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Term
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Definition
| affects only immediate area of infection |
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Term
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Definition
affects other locations (or whole body)
often spread via blood |
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Term
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Definition
1. bacterium must be present in every disease case
2. bacterium must be isolated from the disease case and grown in pure culture
3. specific disease must be reproduced from pure culture in a healthy susceptible host innoculated with the bacterium
4. bacterium must be recoverable from susceptible host |
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Term
| Modifications to Koch's Postulates |
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Definition
1. the bacterium must be present in MOST disease cases
2. DNA of bacteria must be isolated
3. use animals or cells, not humans
4. DNA from bacteria must be recoverable in susceptible host |
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Term
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Definition
| multiplication of organism causes disease, killing organism cures the disease |
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Term
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Definition
| toxin produced by organism causes disease, antibiotics have no affect |
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Term
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Definition
| pathogen is inactivated with formalin |
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Term
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Definition
| vaccine against inactivated toxin, not whole bactrium |
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Term
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Definition
| Need to know which proteins on the pathogen are most immunoggenic (PMPs)- make vaccine with those parts |
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Term
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Definition
| T-independent- weaker immune response because no memory cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| triggers B cell response in tissues (mucuos), mostly IgA production. Strong immune reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| triggers circulating B cells (in blood serum), mainly IgG production |
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Term
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Definition
| detecting antibodies for a patient who previously had none |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serum as you're getting better |
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Term
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Definition
| produced form single B cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Produced from whole blood serum, contains IgG to many epitopes |
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