Term
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Definition
| Series of electron carriers that transfer electrons from donors such as NADH to acceptors such as oxygen, ejecting protons in the process |
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Term
| Terminal Electron Acceptor |
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Definition
| Chemical that is ultimately reduced as a consequence of chemotrophic metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| Something that can carry electrons in the electron transport chain. Sometimes it can carry protons as well. |
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Term
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Definition
An electron carrier in the eukaryotic electron transport chain. Reduces to NADH Can accept protons and electrons |
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Term
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Definition
An electron carrier in the eukaryotic electron transport chain. Reduces to FADH2 Can accept protons and electrons |
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Term
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Definition
Quinone is the electron carrier that carries electrons and protons at complex 3 Helps to make PMF Quinol is the reduced form of quinone Electrons from quinol reduce FeS and protons are released outside of the membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein that carries electrons in the eukaryotic transport chain |
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Term
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Definition
Quinol ultimately gives back some of its electrons to quinone to start the cycle of quinone getting reduced to quinol. See figure in notes |
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Term
| Chemiosmosis/Oxidative Phosphorylation/Mitchell Hypothesis |
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Definition
| How the proton gradient is used to make ATP |
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Term
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Definition
| Complex in the eukaryotic membrane that makes three ATP for every time it makes a cycle |
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Term
| Substrate-level Phosphorylation |
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Definition
| Transfer of the high-energy phosphate from a phosphorylated compound to ADP to form ATP |
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Term
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Definition
One of the proteins in the eukaryotic electron transport chain Water soluable |
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Term
| Photosynthetic Antenna Pigments |
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Definition
| Used to channel light to the reaction center so that electrons go through the electron transport chain |
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Term
| Photosynthetic Reaction Center |
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Definition
| Where electrons go from P680 (photosystem II) to P700 (photosystem I) |
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Term
| Oxygenic (non-cyclic) photosynthesis |
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Definition
Two Photosystems Electrons passing from PSII to PSI to make ATP Electrons passing from PSI make reducing power (NADH) Electron "holes" in PSII filled by electrons from H2O or H2S (forming O2 or S) |
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Term
| Non-oxygenic (cyclic) photosynthesis |
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Definition
| Type of phosphorylation in which electrons are returned directly to the chlorophyll; used to synthesize ATP without generating reducing power |
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Term
| Chlorophyll/Bacteriochlorophyll |
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Definition
The primary light absorbing pigments used in photosynthesis Type of chlorophyll used by purple and green bacteria; absorbs wavelenghts of light the penetrate to greater depths and are not used by other photosynthetic organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein complexes within which chlorophyll and other light-gathering pigments are organized; located in special photosynthetic membranes |
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Term
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Definition
Only use one chlorophyll (bacteriochlorophyll) Electrons produce PMF PMF produces ATP Can do reverse electron transport |
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Term
| Reverse Electron Transport? |
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Definition
PMF used "in reverse" to create NADH The electron donor must be used |
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Term
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Definition
Use only one chlorophyll (bacteriochlorophyll) Electrons used to create PMF Also directly reduce NADP via FADH2 Electron donor must be used since not all of the electrons are recycled |
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