Term
The administration of a vaccine is a good example of
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Definition
| Artificially Acquired active immunity |
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Term
| The movement of molecules acrossa membrane from an area or lower concentration to an area of higher concentration with the expenditure of energy is called |
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Definition
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Term
Organisms that can use carbon dioxide as their sole or principal source of carbon are
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Transport of two different substances can be linked. If the transport across the membrane is in the same direction it is called _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Highly immunogenic, heat labile proteins that are released into the bacteria's surroundings are termed____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The carbon in methane has a valence state of |
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Definition
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Term
"vacca" the prefix for the word vaccination, comes from the latin word for:
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Definition
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Term
| A nosocomial infection is acquired in a |
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Definition
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Term
| The time required to kill 90%of the microorganisms or spores in a sample at specified temperature is the |
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Definition
| Decimal reduction time (D value) |
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Term
The length of DNA in a non-growing E. cli is approx
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Definition
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Term
In cooking meats in an oven, to be sure pathogens are rendered inactive/dead, the interior temp of the meat should reach a minimum temp of
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Definition
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Term
| An extrinsic factor that can influence microbial processes in food would be |
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Definition
Temperature
Relative humidity
Oxygen availability |
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Term
| Soils, under normal conditions, are structured so that the oxygen flux rate is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Using an ultracentrifuge, you note ribosome-derived bands with Svedber sedimentation coefficients of 30 and 50. These are most likely derived from: |
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Definition
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Term
| When a microbe recovers from a stress by a different path than used in resopnding in the original stress it is called |
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Definition
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Term
| A microbe specifically associated with tooth decay is |
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Definition
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Term
| In Banded Iron Formation (BIF) the product of iron oxidation will be |
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Definition
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Term
Injectosomes are found in microbes that are:
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Definition
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Term
The habitat is defined in terms of being:
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Definition
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Term
| A fomite is an inanimate object involved in disease |
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Definition
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Term
Wine production requires a hydrolysis step to break down complex carbohydrates to simple sugars.
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
We have discussed food-borne infection as well as food-borne intoxication. Which of these will lead to a rapid and immediate response in a susceptible population?
A. food-borne infection
B. Food borne intoxication
c. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B |
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Definition
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Term
| A siderophore is an organic compound that will chelate: |
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Definition
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Term
| In the first phase of fermentation, discussed in lecture materials, NAD is serving as the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The diffusion rate of oxygen through water is approximately _____than the diffusion rate in air |
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Definition
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Term
| Dendritic cells play a central role in cellular immunological responses. DC recognize and process which substances as part of the immune response ? |
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Definition
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Term
| The bacterial endosymbiont associated with Riftia tube worm uses which compound as its electron acceptor |
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Definition
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Term
The absolute most dependable method that can be used to eliminate water-borne pathogens, when you are up in the mountains and dependent on stream water, is:
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Definition
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Term
| In a water film, as one moves away from the immediate vicinity of a negatively charged surface, sucha s cla or a bacterium, the pH will |
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Definition
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Term
With the same reductant, fermentation yields more energy than respiration
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| "A2O" has been discussed - this is the process of |
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Definition
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Term
On a table of energetic half reactions, the notation
delta G 0
the pH will be |
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Definition
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Term
When you have to prepare a veggie and raw chicken for a meal using a single knife and cutting board, which do you process first
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Antibodies are made up of ___ polypeptide chains and have ___ antigen binding sites. |
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Definition
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Term
| In F+ x F- conjugation, the donor is the ____strain |
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Definition
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Term
| Yeasts, used in the making of bread, reproduces by |
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Definition
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Term
| An example of a protozoan that causes widespread disease is |
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Definition
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Term
| The rhizosphere is the region where microbes develop around the |
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Definition
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Term
| A mutagen that inserts between the stacked bases of a DNA double helix, distorting the DNA to induce single-pair insertions or deletions is called_____agent |
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Definition
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Term
| B cells obtain information for synthesis of antibodies from |
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Definition
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Term
| Transpeptidation is an important part ofthe synthesis of |
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Definition
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Term
| The strain of Salmonella typhimurium used in the ames test for mutagens undergo which change |
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Definition
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Term
Type IV pili can be retracted by a microbe
T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| The major producers of antibodies are |
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Definition
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Term
| The____ is the electron donor in a redox reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| The injectosome is used to inject which substance into a susceptible cell |
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Definition
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Term
| Exotoxins are considered to be |
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Definition
Highly immunogenic
heat labile
easily inactivated by chemicals |
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Term
| Streptomycin, a famous antibiotic that initially was able to "defeat" TB is produced by an |
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Definition
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Term
| Common-source epidemics will have which type of disease occurrence patterns |
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Definition
| rapid and short term occurrence |
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Term
| Endotoxins are associated with which cell structure |
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Definition
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Term
| Blebs or vesicles used to deliver extracellular secretions are found in which Gm reaction bacteria |
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Definition
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Term
| Salvorsan 606, a revolutionary antimicrobial agent, discovered by Paul Ehrlich contains |
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Definition
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Term
| Zoonoses are diseases transmitted to humans by |
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Definition
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Term
| Selman Waksman was involved in the discovery of streptomycin. This antibiotic was initially effective against... |
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Definition
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Term
| Development of naturally acquired active immunity can occur through |
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Definition
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Term
| "H" antigens are associated with which cellular structure |
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Definition
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Term
| BCG is a vaccine used against which disease |
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Definition
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Term
| The first successful vaccination program controlled which disease |
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Definition
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Term
| B cells obtain information for synthesis of antibodies from |
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Definition
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Term
| Administration of DPT toxin is an example of which type of immunity |
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Definition
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Term
| Antimicrobial peptides are an example of which type of response? |
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Definition
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Term
| Her immunity is often observed when which portion of a population is immunized |
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Definition
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Term
| The part of an antibody that binds to the antigen is which region? |
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Definition
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Term
| The -S-S- bond that links the antibody components is comprised of which amino acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dendritic cells present which materials at their surface |
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Definition
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Term
| Clostridium difficile is most likely to be found as an opportunistic pathogen in the |
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Definition
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Term
| The prefix "eco-" in the important word "ecology" conveys the meaning |
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Definition
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Term
| The Riftia tube worm endosymbiont uses which compound as its energy and electron source |
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Definition
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Term
| The famous quote in microbial ecology that "everything is everywhere, but the environment selects" was made by |
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Definition
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Term
| When O2 levels increased to the point where respiration yielded more nervy than fermentation, it was called the |
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Definition
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Term
| The pasteur point is the free O2 levels where fermentation and respiration provide similar energy. This is estimated to be approximately |
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Definition
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Term
| Banded Iron formation occurred with the initial increase in free oxygen approximately 2 BYBP. This involved the reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| In silica means carrying out a study using a |
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Definition
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Term
| In seeking new microbial diversity, halal environments have been studied. These are located in |
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Definition
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Term
| chaperones are involved in protein |
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Definition
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Term
| A mutagen that inserts between the stacked bases of a DNA double helix, distorting the DNA to induce single-pair insertions or deletions is called a _____agent |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Lac operon, the repressor is active unless it combines with a derivative of |
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Definition
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Term
| Quorum sensing involves a microbe modifying expression of genes due to the accumulation in its environment of |
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Definition
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Term
| In conjugation, the DNA that is transferred from the donor F+ to the F- recipient is made available by |
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Definition
| Rolling circle replication |
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Term
| The prefix "gnoto" in the word gnotobiotic, used in MIP 300 in relation to describing microbe animal interactions means |
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Definition
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Term
| Under ideal conditions, after e. coli is infected by a T even phage, the first complete viruses will be released in approx |
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Definition
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Term
| An episome is a plasmid that |
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Definition
| can exist independent of or integrated into the chromosome |
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Term
| Co transcriptional translation occurs in |
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Definition
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Term
| The allosteric affecter that functions in the lac operon is |
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Definition
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Term
| Plasmids are required for the functioning of a microbe; if the plasmids are lost, the affected microbe will be rendered non-viable. T/F |
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Definition
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Term
| As noted in recent publication discussed in class, the most ubiquitous genes in nature are |
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Definition
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Term
| Riboswitches are involved in controlling |
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Definition
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Term
| Heteroduplex formation in transformation processes typically occurs with the incorporation of which type of DNA into the chromosome |
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Definition
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Term
| Solving the problem of Hantavirus infection in SW colorado, involved in detecting the link of this virus with |
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Definition
| Dust from mouse droppings |
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Term
| During elongation, in a transpeptidization reaction, what type of bond is formed between the amino acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the human micro biome, it is estimated that there are home many microbial cells, in comparison wight he eukaryotic cells present in our bodies |
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Definition
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Term
| Cholera has afflicted humans over the centuries, yet the link between contaminated water and this disease was only established in 1854. The person who established this relationship, but the use of consilience was |
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Definition
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Term
| A shine-delgarno sequence, found in mRNA is a recognition site form |
|
Definition
| Attachment to the ribosome |
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Term
| The most important factor in a successful use of phage therapy is to assure that one is working |
|
Definition
| with a growing host microbe |
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Term
| Okazaki fragments are found on which strand |
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Definition
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Term
| Lambda phage is an example of which transduction processes |
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Definition
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Term
| Aflatoxins, mutagens present only at low levels in many foods interact with DNA by |
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Definition
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Term
| The ames test involves measuring which change |
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Definition
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