Term
| True or False. HPV has recently been recognized as the most common sexually transmitted disease in the US |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV is the fastest-growing sexually-transmitted disease in the US. True or False. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A small non-enveloped DNA virus
More than 100 types based on the genetic
sequence of the outer capsid protein L1
Has an icosahedral capsid with 72 capsomeres
One major capsid protein and one minor one |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Each type of HPV prefers certain epithelium, what are the different types? |
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Definition
Mucosal (genital) - 40 types
Cutaneous
Common, plantar, flat |
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Term
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Definition
Incubation period (3-4 months after exp)
Grows in stratum germinativum
Replicates in the cell nucleus
Causes hyperproduction of upper layers of skin; the wart
Viral particles are released from the dead keratinocytes at the surface |
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Term
| The virus DNA is not integrated into human DNA in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The virus DNA integrates into the human DNA; an oncovirus in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell-mediated immune system usually does what to the HPV virus? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False?
Immunosuppression decreases the growth of HPV.
Antibody prevents new infection but cannot clear intracellular virus |
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Definition
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Term
| MOST Genital HPV infections are... |
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Definition
| Asymptomatic, eliminated by the immune system after weeks to months |
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Term
| If not cleared, clinical manifestations of symptomatic genital HPV infection include: |
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Definition
Anogenital warts
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in babies
Cervical cancer precursors (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia)
Cancer (cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and some head and neck cancer) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Direct contact, usually sexual for genital HPV types
Abrasion or other STI lesions increase HPV infection
Sexual contact can take various forms (genital, oral, anal)
We can get more than one HPV type concurrently or sequentially |
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Term
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Definition
Presumed to be high based on the epidemiology
The younger cervix seems to be more susceptible |
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Term
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Definition
Estimated 20 million currently infected
6.2 million new infections/year |
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Term
True or False?
HBV is least Common among adolescents and young adults
Estimated 80% of sexually active men will have been infected by age 50
Infection is also common in men, but lacks the public visibility that cervical infection has because of the association with cervical cancer |
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Definition
False (Most)
False (Women)
True |
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Term
| The immune response clears most HPV ______ infections. |
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Definition
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Term
| HPV serotypes 16 and 18 have a high risk of causing malignancy, are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The low risk types usually cause only _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| About 10% of women with cervical infection with a high-risk serotype will what? |
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Definition
| Develop cytologic abnormalities. Develop cervical carcinoma in situ, and develop invasive cervical cancer. |
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Term
The American Cancer Society estimates that in 2006:
-9,700 new cervical cancer cases
-3,700 cervical cancer deaths
Almost 100% of these cervical cancer cases will be caused by what? |
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Definition
| One of the 40 HPV types that infect the cervical mucosa |
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Term
| Diagnosis of cervical HPV infection: |
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Definition
Direct Observation (white cervical lesions)
Cytology (Pap smear abnormalities)
Viral Nucleic acid detection |
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Term
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Definition
| Gardasil, Dr. Ian Frazer in Australia |
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Term
| How does the HPV vaccine work? |
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Definition
HPV L1 major capsid protein of the virus is the antigen used for immunization
The L1 protein is expressed in yeast cells using recombinant technology; there are no live or complete viruses in the vaccine
L1 proteins self-assemble into virus-like particles (VLP) but contain no DNA and cannot replicate |
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Term
| HPV vaccine recommendations: |
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Definition
Vaccination of females 11-12 years of age
Can be started as young as 9 years of age
“Catch-up” vaccination recommended for females 13 through 26 years of age
Indicated for males in 2009, recommended in 2011 |
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Term
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Definition
| High efficiency, does not protect again existing HPV strains already in system. |
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Term
| HPV vaccination schedule: |
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Definition
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Term
| Minimum intervals between vaccination: |
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Definition
4 weeks between doses 1 and 2
12 weeks between doses 2 and 3
24 weeks between doses 1 and 3 |
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Term
| HPV vaccine adverse reaction? |
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Definition
| Pain, swelling, fever. No serious reactions. Syncope following vaccination (passing out) |
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