Term
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Definition
| The deliberate use of the immune system to protect the patient or population against harmful agents |
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Term
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Definition
| The production of immunity through natural events (not vaccination) |
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Term
| What is the production of immunity intentionally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the use of the patient's own immune system to produce immunity? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Giving the patient immunity they did not make |
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Term
| With active immunity, the patient's own ___ and ____ cells respond to the antigen and produces full/partial immune response with memory |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of passive immunity |
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Definition
| The fetus gets anitbodies from the mother through the placenta; babies get IgA and lymphocytes via breast milk |
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Term
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Definition
| A preparation of a disease-causing agent to produce active artificial immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| Immunity that protects both the individual and the population |
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Term
| What type of vaccine (live or inactivated) replicates after administration? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the study of or use of serum antibodies |
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Definition
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Term
| By what means does serology diagnose infection? |
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Definition
-Based on the normal primary and secondary immune response
-The presence of serum IgM or rising IgG indicates a recent infection
-Presence of IgG that is not rising indicates past infection or immunity |
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Term
| What are the types of serology tests? |
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Definition
-Immunoassay
*Radioimmunoassay
*Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA ror ELISA)
-Aggultination
-Immunofluorescene
-Rapid antigen tests
-Measuring total antibody levels |
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Term
| What do cell-mediated immunity tests identify? |
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Definition
-Lymphocyte type (helper or suppressor) and number
-Lymphocyte function |
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Term
| List immunologic disorders |
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Definition
-Immediate hypersensitivity (allergy)
-Cytotoxic hypersensitivity
-Immune-complex mediated hypersensitivity
-Delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity
-Immunodeficiency disorders
-Autoimmune disease |
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Term
| If the immune system responds too much or become out of control, it is considered what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when your immune system is immunodeficient? |
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Definition
| Your immune system does not respond when it should |
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Term
| What four things do all hypersensitivities have in common? |
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Definition
-They are abnormally vigorous responses to normal immune functions
-They all require prior sensitization before they occur (a secondary immune responses)
-They can all be treated and/or prevented, but each mechanism is different so the treatment is different |
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Term
| What mediates Immediate hypersensitivity |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are IgE B cell found? |
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Definition
| Mucous membranes and skin |
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Term
| How is histamine released? |
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Definition
| Antigen binds to IgE and fins a mast cell or eosinophil, it degranulates |
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Term
| What is localized hypersensitivity called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the antigen called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Antigen enters the blood stream
-The antigen degranulates all your mast cells and eosinophils at once
-All your capillaries open, fluid leaks out into the tissues, causes shock, can be fatal in minutes |
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Term
| What can cause anaphylaxis? |
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Definition
| Bee venom, peanuts, penicillin |
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Term
| What mediates cytotoxic hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| IgG and IgM with complement |
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Term
| What are the targets in cytotoxic hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| Cells and tissues- Antibodies bind to foreign cells, complement and anti-dependent cytotoxic cells destroy them |
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Term
| What causes immune complex hypersensitivity? |
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Definition
| Antigen-antibody complexes; caused by infections with lots of antigen over a long period |
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Term
| Give an example of a delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity test? |
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Definition
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Term
| A reaction to poison ivy is an example of what? |
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Definition
| Contact hypersensitivity- Delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity |
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Term
| In transplantation immunology, where does the reaction occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the cell antigens in transplantation immunology called? |
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Definition
| Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) |
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Term
| Transplantation Immunology is a type _____ delayed hypersensitivity reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the type IV hypersensitivity reaction for transplantation immunology. |
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Definition
-The recipients T cells attack the graft
-If the host is immunosuppressed, the graft T cells can attack the recipient
-The goal of matching is to try to closely match the MHC of the donor and recipient |
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