Term
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Definition
| The science of the classification of organisms into related groups |
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Term
| How are eukaryotes grouped? |
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Definition
| Into Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
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Term
| How are prokaryotes grouped? |
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Definition
| Into divisions into of phyla |
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Term
| For eukaryotes, how is species defined? |
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Definition
| If they can mate and produce viable progeny |
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Term
| What percent of DNA similarity must bacteria have to be considered apart of the same species? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was phenotypic taxonomy inadequate? |
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Definition
| Organisms that looked phenotypically similar were genetically far apart. |
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Term
| If there are important differences in groups within a species, what do we call them? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who published the first resource for Bacterial Taxonomy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Molecular techniques may suggest what? |
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Definition
| The phylogeny (evolutionary origin) of the bacteria |
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Term
| What is the most accurate form of phenotypic taxonomy? |
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Definition
| The larger number of features you include, the more accurate your classification |
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Term
| What does molecular taxonomy compare? |
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Definition
| DNA. Determine DNA nucleotide sequence, compare with other strains. Includes all similarities and differences. |
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Term
| What are the methods of molecular taxonomy? |
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Definition
1. GC Content- the ratio of guanine/cytosine pairs to total base pairs; bacteria range in GC ratio from 22% to 78%
2. Nucleic acid hybridization- take single stranded DNA from the two organisms, allow them to stick together. The closer the relatedness, the more bases are complementary and the more thermal stability.
3. Complete or partial chromosome sequencing
4. Ribosomal RNA sequencing |
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Term
| What is the goal of diagnostic (clinical) microbiology? |
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Definition
| To identify potentially pathogenic bacteria from a patient specimen to species |
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Term
| What are the types of diagnostic tests |
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Definition
| 1. Direct specimen 2. Primary culture 3.Biochemical 4. Conventional biochemical tests 5. Fluorescent antibody reagents 6. Serologic 7. Fatty Acid Analysis |
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Term
| What are the different types of Molecular Diagnostic tests? |
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Definition
| 1. DNA fingerprinting 2. DNA or RNA probes 3. Amplified DNA probes (PCR) 4. Ribosomal RNA sequencing 5. DNA base ratio |
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Term
| What are the three types of strain testing and which of them is the most sensitive method? |
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Definition
| 1. Biochemical typing 2. Serological typing 3. Genomic typing- most sensitive |
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