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| a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids,liquids,gases,or a combination of these. |
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| a substance dissolved in another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount |
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| liquid,capable of dissolving another substance |
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| the colored solute in a solution |
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| Stains are solutions that contain a solvent and a colored solute called a chromophore |
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| blue, sometimes a blue-green color |
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| cell morphology, size and arrangement |
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| gram staining uses 2 basic stains |
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Definition
| crystal violet and Safranin |
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| purpose to distingguisg between gram positive ans gram- negative bacteria |
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1 flood mear with crystal violet (60 sec)
2 rinse with water
3 flood the smear with iodine (at least 1 min)
4 rinse again with water
5 decolonize with alcohol until fluid runs clear (no longer than 30seconds)
6 rinse again with water
7 counter stain with safranin (60 sec)
8 rinse again with water
9 Blot dry |
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| basic stains have a positively charged chromophore which forms an ionic bond with the negatively charged bacterial cell. |
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| Gram- positive cells have the ability to resist alcohol decolorization |
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| gram+cells have lower lipid content in their cell walls. |
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| safranin is used as to counterstain gram- negative cells |
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| decolotization with ethanol removes crystal violet |
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