Term
| How can White Piedra be controlled ? |
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Definition
| The disorder can be controlled by shaving and local application of antifungal agents |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by Hortae Werneckii (Exophiala Werneckii)
Causes superficial infection of skin (in stratum corneum)
Colonies are smooth with oily, olive-black color |
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Term
| KOH stain of what fungi looks like "spaghetti and meatballs" ? |
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Definition
| (Malassezia furfur fungi), Pityriasis Versicolor disease |
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Term
| Pityriasis Versicolor caused by what ? |
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Definition
| Malassezia furfur, infects outer layers of stratum corneum |
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Term
| What fungi cause ring worm and jock itch ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dermatophytes can get inside humans in what 3 ways ? |
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Definition
Anthropophilic (humans)
Zoophilic (animals)
Geophilic (soil) |
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Term
| Microsporum species do not attack what part of body ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Characteristics of Epidermophyton fungi species ? |
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Definition
Does not invade hair
E. floccosum is the only pathogenic species in this genus
Microconidia are absent |
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Term
| What fungal species noted for "life long" nail infections ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What fungi is major cause of ringworm in skin ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ringworm of upper parts of covered body called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Jock itch (Tinea Cruris) can be caused by ? |
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Definition
| In adults can be caused by Tinea Rubrum or Epidermophyton Floccosum |
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Term
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Definition
Infection of scalp, eye brows, and eye lashes
Can be Ectothrix or Endothrix invasion
Endothrix invasions gives "black dot" invasion of scalp |
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Term
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Definition
Called Tinea Pedis
Also moccasin foot
Common agents of cause are T. Mentagrophytes, T. Rubrum, E. Floccosum
Infection can show vesicles and "sterile pustules" |
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Term
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Definition
Infection of beard area
Often caused by zoophilic dermatophytes |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of nail plate by a dermatophyte |
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Term
| Most difficult to cure Dermatophyte infection is ? |
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Definition
Dermatophyte infections of the nails
Best new treatment is oral systemic antifungal given for 3 months or more |
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Term
| Ways to prevent Candidiasis of skin ? |
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Definition
Treat with topical Nystatin or Clotrimazole
Decrease moisture and wetness in moist areas of body
Use disposable diaplers for babies to prevent diaper rash |
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Term
| What is Hyalohyphomycosis ? |
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Definition
Non-black mold fungal infections
Are non-melanized, septate, filamentous
Cause infection all over body
One subtype is Fusarium, which causes eye infections especially with contact lenses |
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Term
| Most common cause of External Otitis ? |
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Definition
| Various species of Aspergillus |
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Term
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Definition
Chronic subcutaneous infections
Caused by fungi and some bacteria (Actinomycetes)
Microbes form large aggregates called Grains |
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Term
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Definition
Black mold fungal infections
Have filamentous hyphae
Chromomycosis is an example |
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Term
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Definition
Also called "Verrucous Dermatitis"
After traumatic inoculation of skin, fungi cause wart-like nodules
Disease causes a slow, painless infection |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by Sporothrix schenckii
Typical case history of person working in rose garden and pricking their hand
Trt with oral potassium iodide (in milk)
New meds are oral itraconazole for systemic infections |
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Term
| Eumycetoma (Madura Foot) ? |
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Definition
Unusual infection associated with trauma to feet, lower extremities, and hands
Caused by most common fungal agent in USA (PSeudoallescheria boydii)
Trt is surgical debridment and long term chemotherapeutic agents |
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Term
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Definition
PAS and Silver stain better then H & E
PAS - Gives fungus a red-violet fuchsin color
Silver Stain - Stains fungal cell wall black |
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Term
| Wood's Light Examination ? |
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Definition
View skin in dark room under UV light
Tinea versicolor fluoresces gold
Tinea captits caused by Microsporum flouresces light bright green |
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Term
| Cut or abrasion of skin while working in sea watr or aquarium water causes what infection ? |
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Definition
Mycobacterium marinum disease
Requires colder temps to grow, does not grow at 37 degrees celsius
Is an acid fast photochromogen that produces yellow pigment when exposed to light |
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Term
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Definition
Also called Buruli ulcer
Same as Myco. Marinum except it is a Schotochromogen so is non-pigmented
AFB stain positive |
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Term
| What is Mycobacterium chelonae ? |
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Definition
Acid fast bacillus
Causes soft tissue absceses and chronic cutaneous lesions
Trt is surgical excision plus cefoxitin and amikacin |
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