Term
|
Definition
| entry, attachment, avoid host defenses or overcome host defenses, damage, exit |
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Term
|
Definition
| movement of pathogen from its reservoir to an uninfected host |
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Term
|
Definition
| where a pathogen survives and multiples until it can enter a new host |
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Term
|
Definition
| animals, humans, environment (soil and water) |
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|
Term
| human reservoirs serve as ___ to microbes |
|
Definition
| nutrient source for survival and multiplication of pathogen |
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Term
|
Definition
| shows no signs of disease |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examples of human only reservoirs |
|
Definition
| pertussis, measles, gonorrhea, cold, HIV |
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|
Term
| reasons why human only microbes stay in humans |
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Definition
| very sensitive to environmental changes or only attach to human tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
| primary site of survival and multiplication is animals |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examples of animal reservoir microbes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hantavirus pulmonary syndrome |
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|
Term
| animal reservoirs can attach to ___ and ___ |
|
Definition
| both human and animal tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tetanus Clostridium tetani
diarrhea Bacillus cereus |
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|
Term
|
Definition
cholera Vibrio cholerae
typhoid fever Salmonella typhi |
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|
Term
| characteristic of all environmental reservoir microbes |
|
Definition
| versatile pathogens that can survive and replicate under a variety of conditions |
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|
Term
| factors influencing transmission |
|
Definition
| number of microbes, source of microbes, portal of entry, microbial genetic factors |
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Term
|
Definition
| Infectious dose for 50% of people |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Number of microbes as factor for transmission |
|
Definition
| infectious dose varies with microbe and host factor |
|
|
Term
| source of microbes as factor for transmission |
|
Definition
| microbes adapts to host making transmission from animal to human more difficult |
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|
Term
| portal of entry as factor for transmission |
|
Definition
| determines cell receptors to which microbes may respond |
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|
Term
| microbial genetic factors as factor of transmisison |
|
Definition
| some strains of microbes are more virulent than others |
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Term
|
Definition
| opening/surface that have contact with environment |
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|
Term
| types of modes of transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from reservoir (human, animal, environment) to host |
|
|
Term
| types of horizontal transmission |
|
Definition
| contact, common vehicle, vector |
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|
Term
| types of contact transmission |
|
Definition
| direct, indirect, droplet |
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|
Term
| types of common vehicle transmission |
|
Definition
| water-borne, food-borne, airborne |
|
|
Term
| types o vector transmission |
|
Definition
| mechanical and biological |
|
|
Term
| direct contact transmission |
|
Definition
| physical contact, fluid exchange or parenteral route |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| breaks the integrity of the skin or mucous membrane |
|
|
Term
| indirect contact transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonliving intermediate carries pathogen to new host |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mucous droplets transmit pathogen |
|
|
Term
| distance traveled by droplet transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| contagiousness of droplet transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waterborne pathogen most common in... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waterborne pathogens common where in developed countries? |
|
Definition
| toddles from failure to wash hands before food prep |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pathogen contaminates uncooked or improperly cooked foods |
|
|
Term
| airborne transmission pathogen characteristics |
|
Definition
| pathogen resists drying and temperature changes, travels >1 meter, and most contagious |
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Term
|
Definition
| something carries pathogen on/in body (flies and shellfish) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| pathogen lives/replicates in an arthropod |
|
|
Term
| types of vertical transmission |
|
Definition
| during development, during birth, after birth |
|
|
Term
| during development transmission |
|
Definition
| pathogen must cross maternal-placental barrier |
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|
Term
| during birth transmission |
|
Definition
| child encounters pathogen while passing though vagina |
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Term
|
Definition
| child receives pathogen through breast milk |
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