Term
| What are the families for hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E |
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Definition
-HAV; Picornovirus
-HBV; Hepadnavirus
-HCV; Flavavirus
-HDV; (Defective)
-HEV; Hepevirus |
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Term
| What's another name for HCV? What is another name for HDV? |
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Definition
-Post transfusion Non A, Non B
-Because they didn't used to test for this in transfusions
-Also call HBV "delta agent," or just delta |
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Term
| Out of them, which are naked and enveloped? Why is this important? |
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Definition
-Hep A and E are naked
-The rest are enveloped
-Important because this also tells us Hep A & E are spread through fecal-oral route (like Hep A and Chichis)
-The others are by blood or sex |
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Term
| Compare Hep A and E in terms of progression/presentation? |
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Definition
-Both are typically mile acute, with no chronic
-The difference is that if pregnant women get Hep E, they have about a 25% chance of dyeing
-Reason is that pregnancy essentially immunocompromises women (to avoid rejection) |
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Term
| Compair Hep B and C in terms of progression/presentation? |
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Definition
-Hep B is usually mild acute, but sometimes severe
-Hep C has a subclinical acute phase
-*About 5-10% of Hep B go to chronic
-80% Hep C go to chronic
-Both are able to cause **primary hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis (when chronic) |
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Term
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Definition
-Hep D does nothing until it is paired with Hep B, and then it is deadly, usually resulting in death
-Reason is that it needs a surface protein from HBV |
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Term
| So which are the ones associated with high death rates? |
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Definition
-Hep D; when paired with HBV
-Hep E; when in pregnant (esp. late) |
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Term
| How do we detect these for the most part? |
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Definition
-We just look for antibody
-HBV is much more complicated to find, however, because of it's different states of infection |
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Term
| What are the antigen/antibody pairs that are important in HBV infections? What do they tell us? |
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Definition
Surface;
-HBsAg; Chronic infection if present after 6 mo.
-HBsAb; Immune if present
Core;
-HBcAg; (not clinically useful)
-HBcAb; earliest detector
Core also;
-HBeAg; active (shedding) infection
-HBeAb; inactive infection |
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Term
So what is the infection type if after a year a person has;
+HBsAg
+HBeAb |
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Definition
| -A chronic inactive infection |
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Term
What about if they are;
+HbsAb
+HbcAb |
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Definition
-Means they had a prior infection, but are now immune
-If it were just HBsAb it would mean they are immunized |
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Term
| What is the window period? What do we use for detection here? |
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Definition
-It is the break-even point for HBsAg/Ab where neither are detected
-For testing, this is why we rely on *HBcAb, which is the first one produced (will be IgM also)
-Actually, it starts being produced right around the time surface Ag is being made (in high levels) and exists from then on |
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