Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to cause disease by overcoming the defense of a host |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent of pathogenicity of a microorganism |
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Term
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Definition
-mucus membrane
--respiratory tract
--gastrointestinal tract
--genitourinary tract
--conjunctiva (eye)
-skin
-parenteral route |
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Term
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Definition
| bind to receptors on host cells |
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Term
| invasins are surface proteins that |
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Definition
| rearrange actin filaments of the cytoskeleton |
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Term
| Penetration or evasion of host cell defenses, capsule |
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Definition
-increase virulence
-impairs phagocytosis |
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Term
| Penetration or evasion of host cell defenses, cell wall components |
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Definition
-M proteins resist phagocytosis
-fimbriae & opa for attachment
-waxes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resist phagocytosis |
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Term
| Penetration or evasion of host cell defenses, enzymes |
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Definition
-coagulase--coagulates blood
-kinases--digest fibrin clots
-collagenase--hydrolyzes collagen
-IgA protease--destroy antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that contribute to pathogemicity |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to produce a toxin |
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Term
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Definition
| presence of toxins in the host blood |
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Term
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Definition
| inactivated toxin used in a vaccine |
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Term
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Definition
| antibodies against a specific toxin |
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Term
| Membrane-disrupting toxins-Lyse host's cells by: |
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Definition
-making protein channels in the plasma membrane
-disrupting phospholipid bilayer |
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Term
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Definition
| -causes an intense immune response due to release of cytokinsfrom host cells |
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Term
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Definition
| (aspirin) reduce fever by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins |
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Term
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Definition
| lack of resistance to a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to ward off disease |
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Definition
| defense against any pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
| immunity, resistances to a specific pathogen |
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Term
| host defense: first line of defense |
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Definition
| -intact skin, mucous membranes, normal microbiota |
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Term
| host defense: 2nd line of defense |
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Definition
| phagocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages), inflammation, fever, antimicrobial substance |
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Term
| host defense: 3rd line of defense |
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Definition
| specialized lymphocytes: T cells and B cells, antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| tightly packed cells with little or no material between cells |
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Term
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Definition
| a protective protein in top layers |
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Definition
| inhibits microbial growth |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| toxic to parasites, some phagocytosis |
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Definition
| phagocytic as mature macrophages |
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Definition
-fixed macrophages in the lungs
-wandering macrophages roam tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| involved in specific immunity |
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Term
| three phases of inflammation |
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Definition
-vasodilation & increased permeability of blood vessels
-phagocyte migration & phagocytosis
-tissue repair |
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Term
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Definition
| cause vasodilation, increased permeability blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| intensify effects of histamine and kinins |
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Term
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Definition
| produced by mast cells, increased permeability of blood vessels and help attach phagocytes to pathogens |
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Term
| parts of complement system |
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Definition
| stimulate release of histamine, attract phagocytes & promote phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| sticking of phagocytes to inner surface of endothelium of vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| alter cellular adhesion molecules causing phagocytes to stick |
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Term
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Definition
| migration of phago through vessel wall |
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Term
| hypothalamus is set at... |
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Definition
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Term
| gram-negative endotoxins... |
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Definition
| cause phagocytes to release interleukin 1 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| complement proteins factor B, factor D, & factor P attach to surface of pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
-macrophages ingest microbes ->
-release cytokines->
-stimulate liver to produce lectins -> -Lectins bind to chy on cell surface |
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Term
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Definition
| or immune adherence: enhanced |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| prevent C (complement) activation |
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Term
| surface lipid-carbohydrates |
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Definition
| prevent MAC (membrane attack complex) formation |
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Term
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Definition
| digestion of C5a (prevent histamine release) |
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Term
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Definition
| uninfected neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins that inhibit viral replication |
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