Term
| Chronic diseases account for _____% of all deaths in the U.S., |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic diseases—such as _________, _________, and __________are the leading causes of death and disability in the United States |
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Definition
| heart disease, cancer, diabetes |
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Term
| chronic diseases also cause major limitations in daily living for almost 1 out of _______ Americans |
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Definition
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Term
| The Center for Disease Control states that 12.5 million children suffer from |
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Definition
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Term
| obesity, a condition which increases the risk of dangerous health problems such as |
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Definition
| diabetes, cancer, and heart disease |
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Term
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Definition
Family history
Ethnicity
Age
Gestational Diabetes
Increased weight
Decreased activity |
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Term
| Etiology of Diabetes : Ethnicity |
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Definition
African American
Native American
Hispanic
Asian Americans
Pacific Islanders |
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Term
| Etiology of Diabetes:Gestational Diabetes or |
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Definition
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Term
Etiology of Diabetes: BMI:
overweight = |
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Definition
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Term
| Etiology of Diabetes: BMI obese > |
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Definition
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Term
Etiology of Diabetes: Increased central (i.e., visceral) obesity
Waist circumference:
Men |
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Definition
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Term
Etiology of Diabetes: Increased central (i.e., visceral) obesity
Waist circumference: Women |
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Definition
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Term
Lifestyle changes
Changes in eating habits and
Increases in physical activity
can reduce type 2 diabetes by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| weight per week should be around |
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Definition
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Term
| Decrease of 300 to 500 kcal/day = |
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Definition
| 1/2 to 1 lb weight loss/week |
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Term
| Benefits of physical activity |
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Definition
Increases insulin sensitivity
Decreases weight
Decreases blood pressure and cholesterol
Decreases stress
DECREASES risk of type 2 diabetes |
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Term
Physical Activity
Recommendations: for a normal weight person |
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Definition
30 minutes/day for 5 to 7 days a week
10 minutes of activity 3 times/day |
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Term
| Screening for Type 2 Diabetes |
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Definition
Positive family history
Ethnic group
Increased weight and/or central obesity
Gestational diabetes or big babies
Decreased activity |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased thirst, increased urination & weight loss |
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Term
Diagnostic Criteria for Type 2 Diabetes
Fasting blood sugar |
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Definition
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Term
Diagnostic Criteria for Type 2 Diabetes
2 hour glucose tolerance |
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Definition
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Term
Diagnostic Criteria for Type 2 Diabetes
Acute symptoms plus random glucose |
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Definition
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Term
Impaired Glucose Tolerance “Pre-diabetes”: Impaired glucose:
During 2 hour glucose tolerance test
Level between |
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Definition
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Term
Impaired Glucose Tolerance “Pre-diabetes”: Impaired Fasting:
Level between |
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Definition
| >100 mg/dl and <126 mg/dl |
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Term
| Levels of prevention in Type 2 diabetes- Primary: |
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Definition
| Includes activities aimed at preventing diabetes from occurring in susceptible populations or individuals |
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Term
| Levels of prevention in Type 2 diabetes- Secondary: |
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Definition
| Early diagnosis and effective control of diabetes in order to avoid or at least delay the progress of the disease. |
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Term
| Levels of prevention in Type 2 diabetes- Tertiary: |
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Definition
| Includes measures taken to prevent complications and disabilities due to diabetes. |
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Term
| The purpose of secondary prevention activities such as screening is to |
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Definition
| identify asymptomatic people with diabetes. |
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Term
| Examples of socio-cultural barriers: |
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Definition
Obesity is not considered negatively.
No value given to physical exercise.
Changing diet is very difficult.
No time is granted to do physical exercise at work.
Fatalism |
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Term
| Pre-diabetes is a medical condition where blood glucose is higher than normal but not high enough to be called |
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Definition
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Term
| Pre-diabetes increases the risk for type 2 diabetes and |
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Definition
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Term
| Most people have ________ before they develop type 2 diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
| Most people with pre-diabetes develop type 2 diabetes within |
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Definition
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Term
| People with pre-diabetes are identified by having a screening test which shows they have IFG, IGT or an A1C of |
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Definition
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Term
| Progression to diabetes is NOT |
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of insulin resistance |
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Definition
PCOS
acanthosis nigricans |
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Term
| Consider testing for diabetes if the person is: |
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Definition
Age 45 or older
An overweight adult with another risk factor |
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Term
| to test a patient for diabetes obtain a |
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Definition
| A1C or FPG or 2-hour plasma glucose post 75-g oral glucose challenge |
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Term
| Testing for diabetes should be repeated every |
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Definition
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Term
| Fasting blood glucose: Normal |
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Definition
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Term
| Fasting blood glucose: Pre-Diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
| Fasting blood glucose: Diabetes |
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Definition
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Term
| Pre-Diabetes oral glucose tolerance test range |
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Definition
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