Term
| Three generations of spirochetes cause human infection |
|
Definition
Treponema
Borrelia
Leptospira |
|
|
Term
| Spirochetes that is the 3rd leading cause of STD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which spirochetes is a zoonosis disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relapsing fever and Lyme disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treponema Pallidum transmission |
|
Definition
| infected person to other persons by intimate contact & from pregnant women to their fetuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treponema Pallidum passed from pregnant women to their fetuses |
|
|
Term
| Screening tests for syphilis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common screening test for syphilis |
|
Definition
| RPR TEST (Rapid Plasma Reagen) |
|
|
Term
| Forms of Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses |
|
Definition
| Resemble syphilis; rarely transmitted sexually or congenitally; cutaneous and bone diseases endemic to specific regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T.pallidum subspecies endenicum; deforming childhood infection of the mouth, nasal cavity, body, and hands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T.pallidum subspecies pertenue; invasion of skin cut, causing a primary ulcer that seeds a second crop of lesions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T. carateum; superficial skin lesion that depigments and scars the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mouth sores and destructive lumps in bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin sores and disfiguring growths on the legs and around the nose and mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| itchy patches on the skin |
|
|
Term
| Most common form of Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in the hot arid countries of the eastern Mediterranean region and Saharan West Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| humid equatorial countries |
|
|
Term
| Pinta is common among the natives of |
|
Definition
| Mexico, Central America, and South America. |
|
|
Term
| Bejel, yaws, and pinta rarely occur in the United States, except |
|
Definition
| among immigrants from areas of the world where these diseases are common |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Penicillin is effective in all stages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depends on early diagnosis and adequate treatment, use of condoms, administration of antibiotic after suspected exposure, and serologic follow-up of infected individuals and their contacts. |
|
|
Term
| Is There a vaccine against syphilis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Borrelia Burgdorferi Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lyme disease is named after |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transmission of Lyme disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment and Prevention of Lyme disease |
|
Definition
| Doxycycline or amoxycilin |
|
|
Term
| Vaccine for Lyme disease is approved for people |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Vaccine for Lyme disease is administed in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endemic disease of the USA |
|
|
Term
| Classic sign of Lyme Disease on skin after infection |
|
Definition
| bulls-eye rash (Erythema Migrans) |
|
|
Term
| The number of Lyme Disease cases is found in what region of the country |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first symptom of Lyme Disease is |
|
Definition
| usually an expanding rash |
|
|
Term
| an expanding rash from lymes disease is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an expanding rash (called erythema migrans, or EM) which is thought to occur in |
|
Definition
| 80% to 90% of all LD cases |
|
|
Term
| An EM rash generally has the following characteristics: |
|
Definition
Usually (but not always) radiates from the site of the tickbite
Appears either as a solid red expanding rash or blotch, OR a central spot surrounded by clear skin that is in turn ringed by an expanding red rash (looks like a bull's-eye)
Appears an average of 1 to 2 weeks (range = 3 to 30 days) after disease transmission
Has an average diameter of 5 to 6 inches (range = 2 inches to 2 feet)
Persists for about 3 to 5 weeks
May or may not be warm to the touch
Is usually not painful or itchy |
|
|
Term
| Localized Early (Acute) Stage of LD |
|
Definition
Solid red or bull's-eye rash, usually at site of bite
Swelling of lymph glands near tick bite
Generalized achiness
Headache |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an average of 1 to 2 weeks (range = 3 to 30 days) after disease transmission |
|
|
Term
| An EM rash Has an average diameter of |
|
Definition
| 5 to 6 inches (range = 2 inches to 2 feet) |
|
|
Term
| An EM rash Persists for about |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An EM rash May or may not |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Early Disseminated Stage of LD: |
|
Definition
Migrating pains in joints/tendons
Facial palsy (facial paralysis similar to Bell's palsy)
Changes in vision Fever of 100 to 102 F Severe fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Arthritis (pain/swelling) of one or two large joints
Disabling neurological disorders (disorientation; confusion; dizziness; short-term memory loss; inability to concentrate, finish sentences or follow conversations; mental "fog")
Numbness in arms/hands or legs/feet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of small , wall-less organisms |
|
|
Term
| major pathogen of Mycoplasma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transmission of Mycoplasma diseases |
|
Definition
| from person to person by airborne route |
|
|
Term
| Treatment and Prevention of Mycoplasma diseases |
|
Definition
| Tetracycline or Erythromycin |
|
|
Term
| Causative agent of Lyme disease |
|
Definition
| Borrelia burgdorferi Bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an expanding rash (called erythema migrans, or EM |
|
|
Term
| Most common tick borne disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease cross through the placenta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Treponema
Borrelia
Leptospira |
|
|
Term
| Disease transmitted through infected urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Forms of Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Obligatory intracellular parasites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| obligate intracellular parasites |
|
|
Term
| Chlamydiae are the agents of |
|
Definition
| psittacosis, trachoma, lymphogranuloma venereum and other infections |
|
|
Term
| Borrelia Burgdorferi Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rickettsiae & Chlamydiae can not grow outside |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycoplasma can grow outside of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Disease Association
Rickettsiae- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease Association Chlamydiae - |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chlamydia is known as a "silent" disease/STD because |
|
Definition
about three quarters (75%)of infected women are asymptomatic.
and about half of infected men (50%)have no symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Psittacosis/ornithosis aka |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| People at increased risk for this infection |
|
Definition
| zoo and pet shop employees, poultry farmers, ranchers, and veterinarians |
|
|
Term
| Psittacosis is an infection caused by the |
|
Definition
| obligatory intracellular bacterium Chlamydia psittaci |
|
|
Term
| The term psittacosis is derived from the Greek word for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| psittacosis bacterium can infect |
|
Definition
| parrots, parakeets, and other avian species e.g, turkeys, pigeons, ducks |
|
|
Term
| Mode of transmission Atypical pneumonia/psittacosis |
|
Definition
| Infection is acquired by inhaling dried secretions (bird droppings) from infected birds |
|
|
Term
| Atypical pneumonia/psittacosis Constitutional |
|
Definition
Fever (50-90%)
Chills
Malaise |
|
|
Term
| Atypical pneumonia/psittacosis Respiratory |
|
Definition
Cough (50-90%), usually not productive
Pleuritic chest pain (rare)
Dyspnea
Sore throat and mild pharyngitis (common)
Epistaxis (common) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Typhus; Rocky Mountain, Mediterranean and other spotted fevers; Q fever |
|
|
Term
| Transmission of Rickettsiae diseases |
|
Definition
| is maintained in animal reservoirs and transmitted by bite of ticks, fleas, mites, and lice |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Rickettsiae diseases |
|
Definition
| Tetracycline and Fluroquinolones |
|
|
Term
| Prevention of Rickettsiae diseases |
|
Definition
| by avoiding contact with vectors |
|
|
Term
| Vaccine for Rickettsiae diseases available for at-risk groups such as |
|
Definition
| veterinarians and farm workers |
|
|
Term
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
Definition
| Rickettsia rickettsii (Western hemisphere) |
|
|
Term
Epidemiology of
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is the |
|
Definition
| most common rickettsial disease in the United States with 400 - 700 cases occurring annually |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rickettsia akari (USA, former Soviet Union) |
|
|
Term
| Epidemiology of Rickettsial pox |
|
Definition
| R. akari is found in the United States and sporadic infections occur |
|
|
Term
| Vector of Rickettsial pox |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Epidemic typhus is a disease transmitted by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary reservoir for Murine or Endemic typhus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Murine or Endemic typhus vector |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C. burnetii infects a wide range of animals including |
|
Definition
| goats, sheep, cattle and cats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| People who drink_________ can become infected with C. burnetii |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transmission Mycobacterium Tuberculosis |
|
Definition
| person to person by respiratory aerosol |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis initial site of infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Treatment |
|
Definition
| Multiple anti TB drug therapy is used for 6-9 months |
|
|
Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis prevention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discoverer of the tuberculosis bacillus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The Mantoux test
(also known as the Mantoux screening test, Tuberculin Sensitivity Test, Pirquet test, or PPD test for Purified Protein Derivative) |
|
|
Term
| The Mantoux skin test consists of an intradermal injection of exactly one tenth of a milliliter (mL) of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most common staining technique used to identify acid-fast bacteria- |
|
Definition
| is the Ziehl-Neelsen stain |
|
|
Term
| in the Ziehl-Neelsen stain, the bacteria are stained |
|
Definition
| bright red and stand out clearly against a blue background |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transmission of Mycobacterium Leprae |
|
Definition
| Infection is acquired by prolonged contact with patients with leprosy |
|
|
Term
| Leprosy is common in many countries worldwide, and in |
|
Definition
| temperate, tropical, and subtropical climates |
|
|
Term
| Most US cases of leprosy are limited to the |
|
Definition
| South, California, Hawaii, and U.S. island possessions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mainstay of therapy is Dapsone for at least two years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Isolation of all Lepromatous patients coupled with chemoprophylaxis with Dapsone for exposed children |
|
|
Term
| The most common staining technique used to identify acid-fast bacteria is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acid-fast organisms are difficult to characterize by using |
|
Definition
| standard microbiological techniques (e.g. Gram staining) |
|
|
Term
| Acid-fast bacteria, --the major genus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acid-fast bacteria, --the major genus Mycobacterium, have a high concentration of |
|
Definition
| mycolic acid, a lipid, in their walls |
|
|
Term
| Leprosy mainly affects the |
|
Definition
| skin and peripheral nerves |
|
|
Term
| If untreated, Leprosy can be progressive and permanent damage to the |
|
Definition
| skin, nerves, limbs and eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cause of atypical pneumonia |
|
Definition
| Mycoplasma Pneumoniae (chlamydia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease caused by chlamydia |
|
Definition
Pneumoniae
atypical pneumonia
urethritis
conjunctivities
trachoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of chlamydia infection |
|
|
Term
| Silent STD/Asymptomatic STD in female |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of chlamydia infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TYPE-4 hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
| Lympho Granuloma Venerum STD common in |
|
Definition
| tropical and caribbean island |
|
|
Term
| Most common rickettsial disease in the United States |
|
Definition
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
|
Term
| Most common tick borne disease in USA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rickettsia typhi
Rats are the primary reservoir for the disease which is transmitted by the rat flea vector |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
|
Term
| LEPTOSPIROSIS-mode of transmission |
|
Definition
| Infection is acquired by prolonged contact with patients with leprosy |
|
|
