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Micro Practical 2
Microbiology Lab Practical Study Set
182
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
12/01/2016

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
Definition
Journal to find unknown
Term
Unknown Classification
Definition
Phylum Gammaproteobacteria | Family Enterobacteriaceae
Term
Oxygen Tests
Definition
Thioglycollate Broth, Candle Jar, GlassPak
Term
Obligate Aerobes - Thioglycollate
Definition
Bacteria at top of both
Term
Facultative Anaerobes - Thioglycollate
Definition
Bacteria growth throughout, greater growth at top (oxygen)
Term
Obligate Anaerobe - Thioglycollate
Definition
Only growth at bottom of tube
Term
Microaerophile - Thioglycollate
Definition
Growth in middle of tube
Term
Candle Jar
Definition
Grows microaerophiles - 3-5% CO2 and 8-10% O2
Term
GasPak
Definition
Grows anaerobes - removes oxygen
Term
Thioglycollate Broth
Definition
Reduces oxygen, does not remove all oxygen. Resazurin - Indicator (oxygen = pink)
Term
Catalase Test
Definition
Catalase (H2O2 --> O2 + H20)
+ = bubbles
Term
Oxidase test
Definition
- OX+ must use O2 as final electron acceptor
- Differentiates between Enterobacteriaceae (-) and Pseudomonadaceae (+)
- Cytochrome oxidase (reduction of oxygen in ETC)
+ = blue / purple
Term
[image]
Definition
oxidase positive - purple / blue
Term
Characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae
Definition

- Gram - 

- Cocco bacilli

- facultative anaerobes

Term
IMViC Test
Definition
Indole, Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer, Citrate, H2S production, motility
Term
Indole Tests for
Definition
Tryptophan --> Indole (by tryptophanase)
Term
Indole Media
Definition
SIM Agar Deep
Term
Indole +
Definition
hot pink / red
Term
Indole Reagent
Definition
Kovacs
Term
H2S Test
Definition
Sim Agar Deep, can see motility if positive. Positive = black
Term
TTC motility deep
Definition
red = positive, tetrazolium chloride
strict aerobes do not grow well
Term
Simmons Citrate tests for
Definition
Citrate Utilization
Term
Simmons Citrate Positive
Definition
Blue
Term
Methyl Red Media
Definition
MRVP Broth
Term
Methyl Red purpose
Definition
use of glucose with acidic end product
Term
Voges Proskauer Test
Definition
Determines use of glucose - tests for acetoin as end product
Term
Simmons Citrate Purpose
Definition
Is citrate sole carbon source
Term
Simmons Citrate Indicator
Definition
brom thymol blue
Term
Carbohydrate Utilization Media
Definition
Phenol Red Sugar Broth w/ durham tube (lactose, mannitol, glucose, sucrose)
Term
[image]
Definition
Citrate
Term
[image]
Definition
Indole
Term
[image]
Definition
Methyl Red
Term
[image]
Definition
Phenol Red
Term
[image]
Definition
VP
Term
Methyl Red Positive
Definition
Red
Term
Voges Proskauer Positive
Definition
Red
Term
Nitrogen Fixation
Definition
N2 --> Ammonium or NO2

necessary to synthesize amino acids or nucleic acids
Term
Nitrification
Definition
Ammonia --> nitrite
Term
Denitrification
Definition
Nitrate to Nitrite to Nitric Oxide to Nitrous Oxide to N2
Term
Nitrate Reduction Test
Definition
tests for production of nitrate reductase (reduces nitrate to nitrite)
Term
Nitrate Reduction Media
Definition
Nitrate Broth
Term
Nitrate Reduction Reagent
Definition
Reagent A and B
(optional: zinc)
Term
Nitrate Reduction +
Definition
red or yellow
(- is colorless or pink with zinc)
Term
Decarboxylation Test
Definition
Tests for decarboxylase - breaks carboxyl off of amino acid
Term
Decarboxylase media
Definition
arginine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase
with mineral oil (needs anaerobic condition)
Term
Positive decarboxylase
Definition
purple
Term
Deamination Test
Definition
Removes amino group from amino acid
Phenylaline deaminates to phenylpyruvic acid
Term
Deamination Media
Definition
Phenylaline slant
Term
Gelatin Hydrolysis
Definition
Gelitnase turns gelatin to liquid = positive = mushy goop
Term
[image]
Definition
Deaminase
Term
[image]
Definition
Decarboxylation
Term
[image]
Definition
Nitrate negative with zinc
Term
[image]
Definition
Nitrate Reduction
Term
Casein Hydrolysis
Definition
Caseinase breaks down casein into amino acids
Term
Casein media
Definition
skim milk agar
Term
Casein positive
Definition
white to clear (zone of clearing)
Term
Casein enzyme
Definition
Caseinase
Term
Starch hydrolysis
Definition
Amylase hydrolyzes starch into smaller sugars
Term
Starch hydrolysis enzyme
Definition
amylase
Term
Starch hydrolysis media
Definition
Starch afar plate
Term
Starch hydrolysis reagent
Definition
Gram's iodine
Term
Starch hydrolysis positive
Definition
positive = yellow / clear zones
Term
Lipid hydrolysis
Definition
lipase breaks down tributyrin into fatty acids
Term
Lipid hydrolysis enzyme
Definition
Lipase
Term
Lipid hydrolysis Media
Definition
Tributyrin agar plate with methlene blue indicator
Term
Urea Hydrolysis
Definition
Urease breaks down ammonia and carbon dioxide
- Determines if urea can be used as energy source
Term
Urea Hydrolysis Indicator
Definition
Phenol red
Term
Urea hydrolysis +
Definition
hot pink
Term
[image]
Definition
Casein
Term
[image]
Definition
Lipid Hydrolysis
Term
[image]
Definition
Starch hydrolysis
Term
[image]
Definition
Urea Hydrolysis
Term
API 20E
Definition
Gram negative enteric rods, dehydrated tests in each compartments. make code and determine name of bacteria
Term
Staph samples from
Definition
nasal swab
Term
strep samples from
Definition
throat swab
Term
Staph characteristics
Definition
Gram +, microbiota of skin and nasal cavity, facultative anaerobe, haloduric
Term
Mannitol Salt Agar
Definition
High Sodium Chloride - selective
Mannitol fermentation - differential
Term
MSA mannitol fermentation indicator and positive
Definition
Sugar fermentation (acid production) phenol red indicator red to yellow
Term
Strep characteristics
Definition
Gram +, catalase -, facultative anaerobe, prefer high co2, microbiota of skin, upper respiritory and GI
Term
Alpha hemplysis
Definition
partial digestion
Term
beta hemolysis
Definition
complete digestion
Term
gamma hydrolysis
Definition
no digestion
Term
[image]
Definition
S pneumoniae
Term
[image]
Definition
S pyogenes
Term
[image]
Definition
Hydrolysis
Term
[image]
Definition
Mannitol
Term
Columbia Naladixic Agar (CNA)
Definition
- Naladixic Acid - Selective, Antibiotic - only G+ Grow
- Differential - 5% sheep blood
Term
Urine in Kidney
Definition
Sterile (exception - nephritis, kidney infection)
Term
UTI cell count
Definition
over 100k cells / ml
Term
EMB (eosin Methylene Blue) agar
Definition
- Selective - methylene blye inhibits G+ bacteria
- Differential - Lactose - Lactose fermenting bacteria produce acid (ie E Coli)
- Eosin indicator changes to purple with green metallic, non lactose fermenter - brown of pink
Term
Cells/ml count
Definition
# colonies on plate * 100
Term
[image]
Definition
EMB Examples
Term
[image]
Definition
EMB Examples
Term
[image]
Definition
Hemolysis
Term
Staph catalase result
Definition
+
Term
Staph hemolysis
Definition
either beta or gamma
Term
SM110
Definition
Staph test - pathogenic are orange or yellow
Term
DNAse
Definition
exoenzyme that breaks down DNA
Term
bile esculin
Definition
- strep test - bile inhibits growth of all but enterococci and strep group D
- Use of esculin sugar (ifbacteria is able to grow)
Term
NaCL broth (strep test)
Definition
Only Enterococci can grow
Term
S Aureus virulence factors
Definition
Pyogenic Toxin - pus
Enterotoxin - food poisoning
Cytotoxins
Toxic Shock Toxins
Coagulase - clotting
Term
Staph catalase result
Definition
+
Term
Strep catalase result
Definition
-
Term
Coagulase
Definition
exoenzyme for clotting, only in S aureus
Term
Strep pyogenes diseases
Definition
skin infections, strep throat, nectotizing fascitis
Term
Strep agalactiae
Definition
Group B strep - neonatal sepsis
Term
Strep pneumonia
Definition
pneumonia
Term
Enterococci
Definition
recently separated from strep, highly antibiotic resistance, nosocomial infections
Term
Strep virulence factors
Definition
- hyaluronidase - breaks down hyaluronic acid b/w cells
- Leucidin - kill WBCs
- Streptolysin - hemolytic toxin
- scarlet fever toxin
- TSS
Term
Strep NaCl test
Definition
turbid = enterococci
Term
Antigen
Definition
any feature that can elicit an immune response
Term
Antibodies
Definition
(Immunoglobulins) produced by immune response, bind to antigens
Term
Agglutination
Definition
antibodies clump to microorganisms in response to antigens
Term
Monospot test purpose
Definition
- testing for antibody
- Ebstein Barr viral antigen
- EBV causes mono, burkins lymphoma
Term
Monospot test process
Definition
Latex particles coated in mono antigen from cattle. Agglutination = positive (patient has antibodies)
Term
Test for antigen with known antibody (3)
Definition
- agar, then perform biochemical tests, takes 1-2 days
- Difco Staph Latex kit - latex conjugated antibody
- Clearview Exact Strep Dipstick - rapid strep test
Term
Difco Staph Latex
Definition
- can confirm S Aureus ID
- mix blue latex coated with antibody with patient sample
- A aureus = agglutination
Term
Clearview Exact Strep Dipstick
Definition
- rapid strep test, directly from throat swab
- positive = 2 lines
Term
[image]
Definition
Bile esculin
Term
[image]
Definition
DNAse
Term
[image]
Definition
MRSA
Term
[image]
Definition
Staph aureus
Term
Bacteriophages
Definition
viruses that only infect bacteria
Term
Lytic infection
Definition
causes death of bacteria
Term
plaque
Definition
spot on bacterial lawn where all bacteria have been killed
Term
Phage typing
Definition
can be used to ID strains of bacteria
Term
Coliphages
Definition
bacteriophages that infect different strains of bacteria
Term
PFU / mL (plaque forming units per mL)
Definition
plaques / (dilution of tube x amount plated)
Term
[image]
Definition
Monospot results - right = positive
Term
[image]
Definition
Monospot Test
Term
[image]
Definition
Rapid Stress Test
Term
Arthropods
Definition
Invertebrates (insects and arachnids)
Term
Ectoparasites
Definition
Arthropod vector of disease when living on human body
Term
Class Insecta
Definition
- Wings or no wings, 3 pairs legs, antennae
- body parts - head, thorax, abdomen
Term
Class Arachnid
Definition
No wings, 4 pairs legs, no antennae
- oophalothorax and abdomen
Term
Scarcoptes
Definition
Itch mite
- mange, scabies, STI
Term
Ixodes
Definition
Hard body tick - lyme disease
Term
Dermacentor
Definition
Hard Body Tick - Tularemia, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Term
Ornithodoros
Definition
Soft Body Tick
Term
Pediculus
Definition
Body Louse - typhus
Term
Pithirus
Definition
Pubic Louse - STD, crabs
Term
Anopheles
Definition
Mosquito - Malaria
Term
Aedes
Definition
Mosquito - dengue fever, viral encephalitis
Term
Pulex
Definition
Flea
Term
Helminth Characteristics
Definition
Eukaryotic, multicellular
Term
Cestodes
Definition
- Tapeworms
- Phylum Platyhelminths
- Flat
- Proglottid segments w/ reproductive organs
- Hermaphrodite
- Scolex head w/ suckers or hooks
- Taenia
Term
Trematodes (flukes)
Definition
- Platyhelminths phylum
- flat, leaf shaped
- unsegmented
- suckers
- 2 sexes
- Schistosoma species
- Fasciola hepatica
Term
Nematode
Definition
- Phylum Nematoda
- Roundworms
- 2 sexes ; eggs in body
- unsegmented
- cutting teeth
- tail of male vs female
- encystment (trichinella)
- Enterobius, Ancylostoma, Trichinella, Dirofilaria
Term
[image]
Definition
Aedes Mosquito
Term
[image]
Definition
Ancylostoma
(Nematode)
Term
[image]
Definition
Arachnid body parts
Term
[image]
Definition
Dermacentor - hard body tick
Term
[image]
Definition
Dirofilaria - nematode, dog heart worm
Term
[image]
Definition
Enterobius, nematode (pinworm)
Term
[image]
Definition
Fasciola, trematode (platyhelminths)
Term
[image]
Definition
Insect Body Parts
Term
[image]
Definition
Ixodes - hard tick
Term
[image]
Definition
Ornithodorus - soft body tick
Term
[image]
Definition
Proglottids -cestodes (platyhelminths) tapeworms
Term
[image]
Definition
pulex - flea
Term
[image]
Definition
Schistoma - trematodes (platyhelminths)
Term
[image]
Definition
Taenia - cestodes (platyhelminths)
Term
[image]
Definition
Trichinella - nematode
- encystment
Term
[image]
Definition
Pediculous - Louse
Term
Gaspak strip indicator
Definition
methylene blue
Term
Tick and mite class
Definition
Arachnida
Term
Louse and flea class
Definition
Insecta
Term
Platyhelminths (phylum) Classes
Definition
Cestode (tapeworms) and trematode (flukes)
Term
Nematodes
Definition
Roundworms, seperate sexes, more evolved than platyhelminths
Term
decarboxylase medium
Definition
moeller broth, no reagent
Term
phenylaline reagent (deaminase)
Definition
ferric acid
Term
decarboxylase indicator
Definition
brom cresol purple
Term
Staph pathogens
Definition
S aureus (most problematic), S epidermidis, S saprophyticus, S haemolyticus, S hominis
Term
Staph culturing media
Definition
blood agar - good for fastidious bacteria
CNA - has antibiotic that inhibits G-
Term
Staph ID tests
Definition
nasal swabs
MSA (salt tolerance)
CNA (sensitivity to novobicin and hemolysis)
Catalase +
SM110
DNAse
Term
Strep pathogens
Definition
Streo pyogenes, strep agalctiae ,strep pneumoniae
Term
Strep tests
Definition
throat swab
blood agar (incubate in candle jar)
CNA plate
bile esculin
NaCl - salt resistance
SXT (antibiotic)
Catalase -
Term
urea indicator
Definition
phenol red
Term
H2S Indicator
Definition
Sodium thiosulfate
Term
VP Reagents
Definition
Barritts A & B (light pink/red = positive)
Term
Lipid hydrolysis media
Definition
methylene blue agar
Term
Starch Hydrolysis Media
Definition
Starch agar
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