Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| where does both transcription and translation take place in prokaryotic cells |
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Term
| metabolic/gene regulation |
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Definition
| mechanisms for controlling which genes get expressed and at what levels |
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Term
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Definition
| RNA polymerase binding site where related genes found in a cluster on the chromosome are transcribed as a single unit |
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Term
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Definition
| a cluster of genes under control of a single promoter |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA binding proteins that increase transcription, bacteria use these to regulate gene expression |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA binding proteins that decrease transcription, bacteria use these to regulate gene expression |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory molecules control the production of proteins by activating/blocking the process of ___________ |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory molecules control the production of proteins by "sometimes" activating/blocking the process of ___________ |
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Term
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Definition
| site on bacterial DNA that regulatory molecules usually bind to to function |
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Term
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Definition
| well studied and found in E. coli, also required for the metabolism of lactose |
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Term
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Definition
| simple sugar that is easier to breakdown; bacteria prefer to use this for energy |
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Term
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Definition
| disaccharide that is harder to break down |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to describe lac operon that is turned "off" but can be turned "on" by an inducer |
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Term
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Definition
| structural genes a lac operon consists of |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory sequences a lac operon consists of along with a CAP site |
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Term
| high glucose concentration in the environment but no lactose |
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Definition
| repressor protein is formed and binds to the operator which blocks the RNA polymerase from binding to promoter inhibiting transcription |
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Term
| no glucose in environment but has lactose |
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Definition
| CAP binds to cAMP and RNA polymerase works more efficiently because it is free to bind to promoter |
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Term
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Definition
| when too much lactose is present, it gets converted into another compound |
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Term
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Definition
| what allolactose binds to and causes to detach from the operator which frees RNA polymerase |
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Term
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Definition
| regulates CAP site and made by E. coli when glucose levels are low |
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Term
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Definition
| changes shape when bound to cAMP which makes it able to promote transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| involved for the biosynthesis of the amino acid tryptophan; known as repressible and is usually "on" |
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Term
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Definition
| how bacteria regulate their environment; found in both gram negative and gram positive bacteria and uses an auto inducer |
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Term
| acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) |
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Definition
| mostly found in gram negative bacteria and first class of autoinducers to be identified; binds to a kinase to induce transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| found in gram positive bacteria; smaller and uses a two-component system but can bind directly to a transcription factor instead of using a kinase |
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Term
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Definition
| controlled by quorum sensing; pathogen's ability to infect or damage host cell |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to describe try operon which is usually "on" but can be turned "off" by a corepressor |
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