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Definition
| a heritable change that is passed from the mother cell to progeny cells |
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Definition
| nucleotide sequence of a genome, complete genetic makeup |
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Definition
| observable properties of a mutant |
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Definition
| a strain of an organism or virus isolated from nature |
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Definition
| cell or virus derived from wild type that carries a change in nucleotide sequence |
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Definition
| mutations that occur without external intervention; usually results in errors from base pairing |
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Definition
| caused by agents in the environment including those induced by humans |
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Definition
| an agent that causes genetic mutation |
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Definition
| change in the first or second base of the codon leading to significant changes in the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide |
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Definition
| formation of a stop codon leading to premature termination of translation leading to an incomplete polypeptide |
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Definition
| changes in DNA that do not affect the polypeptide |
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Definition
| insertion or deletion of a single base pair resulting in a shift in the reading |
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Definition
| the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next generation |
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Definition
| in sexually reproducing organisms, ___________ is achieved by sexual reproduction, gene mixing, or mutation |
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Definition
| produced by asexual reproduction |
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Definition
| introduction if genetic material from one generation to another organism within the same generation |
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Definition
| horizontal genetic transfer process which involves the direct uptake of DNA from environment |
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Definition
| DNA is directly transferred by a sex pilus and located on the F plasmid known as the fertility factor |
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Term
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Definition
| cells containing the F plasmid |
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Definition
| cells lacking an F plasmid |
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Definition
| antibiotic resistance in a cell |
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Definition
| DNA molecules that have inverted repeat sequences at their ends and a gene encoding and enzyme; known at the jumping genes; originally discovered in maize |
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Definition
| bacterial cells capable of transformation |
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Definition
| occurs when a bacteriophage transfers bacterial DNA from one bacterium to another; generalized or specialized |
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Definition
| transduction that takes place during the lytic cycle where bacterial DNA is absorbed by a virus |
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Definition
| transduction that takes place at the end of the lysogenic cycle when the provirus is induced to get excised |
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