Term
|
Definition
gram positive diplococci
alpha hemolytic
optochin sensitive
autolysin, pneumolysin
TX: cephalosporins (ceftriaxone)
meningitis -> ceftriaxone+vancomycin
sinusitis or otitis media -> amoxicillin-clavulanate |
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Term
|
Definition
Pi pilli -> stops cilia movement
ID: PCR and ELISA, serology, cold agglutinins -> usually not identified
TX: macrolides (azithromycin/clarithromycin), fluoroquinolones |
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Term
|
Definition
gram-negative coccobacilli
TX: amoxicillin-clavulanate |
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Term
|
Definition
gram-negative coccobacilli
TX: amoxicillin-clavulanate |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: nuclear acid probes, DFA, ELISA/IF
TX: tetracycline, azithromycin |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: not usually identified
TX: treated empirically w/ clarithromycin/azithromycin, fluoroquinolone |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: serology
TX: tetracyclines |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: gram stain + culture
TX: MRSA-vancomycin
nafcillin |
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg rod, thick capsule produces halo-effect
ID: gram stain+culture
TX: fluoroquinolones |
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Term
|
Definition
gram negative rod, obligate aerobe
ID: culture, fluorescent pigments
TX: beta-lactam+aminoglycoside |
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg bacilli, requires cysteine to grow
ID: cultured on agar w/ cysteine, buffered charcoal yeast extract agar
TX: macrolides-erythromycin or azithromycin, fluoroquinolines |
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg coccobacilli
ID: agglutinin tests for capsule in CSF/urnie
TX (type B): ceftriaxone, cephalosporin
TX (nontypable): amoxicillin-clavulanate |
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg coccobacillus
VF: pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase toxin
ID: DFA, culture with Bordet-Gengou media
TX: erythromycin |
|
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Term
|
Definition
VF: HA/NA proteins, M2 protein
ID; isolated from throat swabs, grown in tissue cells, PCR
TX: amantadine, rimantidine, zanamivir, oseltamivir |
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Term
|
Definition
VF: HN protein, F protein
ID: ELISA, DFA, culture with shell vials
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: not usually identified/isolated, can be cultured/PCR
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID (SARS): tissue culture/PCR/travel to south china
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
antigen detection in nasopharyngeal washes, ELISA, viral isolation
TX: aerosolized ribavirin, symptom support |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ID: antigen in nasopharyngeal aspiriates/throat washings, virus isolation-shell vials
TX: non |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: AFB in sputum, PCR, positive PPD test, culture (BACTEC)
TX: latent TB -> isonazid
active/secondary TB -> isonazid, rifampin, pyrazinimade, ethambutol |
|
|
Term
| m. avium intracelluaire, m. kansaii |
|
Definition
ID: culture
TX: clarithromycin, rifampin, ethambutol |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: culture
TX: ceftazimide |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: weakly acid fast, filamentous
TX: TMP/SMX |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: tissue biopsy-uniform shaped oval budding yeasts, silver stain, PCR/DNA probe
TX: itraconazole, amphotericin |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: biopsy exam -> thick walled yeast with single bud (25% in hyphal form)
TX: amphotericin/itraconazole |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: culture, tissue biopsy -> spherules
TX: itraconazole |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ID: KOH prep -> pseudohyphae, germ tube, blood cultures
TX: nystatin |
|
|
Term
| pneumocystis jirovecii/carinii |
|
Definition
ID: methanamine-silver stain -> looks like histoplasma
TX: TMP/SMX |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ID: CT scans of lungs and sinuses, culture, hyphal cells with frequent septations at 45%
TX: allergy -> steroids, itraconazole
invasive disease -> amphotericin |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ID: isolation + culture, hyphal cells w/o septations
TX: amphotericin |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: IgM heterophile antibodies (monospot), atypical lymphocytes
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: throat culture/rapid strep test
TX: penicillin or cephalosporin |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: isolation
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: culture, PCR
TX: antitoxin sera, erythromycin or penicillin |
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg pleomorphic bacillus
ID: bubo, fluorescent-antibody, PCR, ELISA
TX: streptomycin, gentamycin, tetracycline, symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: gram stain + culture + isolation
TX: fluoroquinolines-ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: serology, RT-PCR
TX: symptom support |
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Term
|
Definition
ID: ELISA
TX: streptomycin |
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