Term
The study of factors and mechanisms involved in the frequency and spread of disease
(concerned with meathod of transmission and etiology CAUSE) |
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Definition
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Term
| The number of NEW cases contracted in a specific time in a given population |
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Definition
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| total number of people infected at any given time. Includes old and new cases and how serious. |
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Definition
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| the relative number of individuals affected by a disease during a set peroid |
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Definition
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Term
| number of deaths due to a disease during a set peroid (MMWR) |
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Definition
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Term
| when a disease is present continually in a population in low numbers (mumps, chicken pox) |
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Definition
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| when a disease suddently has a higher than normal incidence (diptheria) |
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Term
| when an epidemic spreads world wide (1919 infuenza) |
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Definition
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Term
| occurs in random unpredictable manor (isolated cases) |
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Definition
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| an epidemic that arises from contact with a contaminated substance (cholera in london 1854), water (fecal-oral), sushi, dr. snow figured out the water one |
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Term
| someone coughs directly at you and you get sick |
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Definition
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Term
| direct person to person contact (horizontal) |
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Definition
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Term
| concerned with physical aspects of disease (like # of cases, who is affected, location, time ect) |
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Definition
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| first person with a disease to be identified (patient zero) |
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Definition
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Term
| establishes cause and effect relationship |
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Definition
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Term
| looks at factors that preceeded outbreak (where did they eat?) |
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Definition
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Term
| looks at factors during begins and as disease spreads (how fast is it moving) |
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Definition
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| evaluates the affectiveness of treatment |
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Definition
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Term
| a non-medical substance with no affect but the individual recieving it thinks it's real |
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Definition
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Term
| a site in which an organism can persisst and maintaion the ability to affect |
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Term
| most potentially threatening |
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Definition
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Term
| spread through nose (coughing and sneezing) |
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Definition
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Term
| an individual who is infected without visable symptoms (sub-clinical, inapparent but infectious) |
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Definition
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Term
| one that can be transmitted during incubtion peroid (before it shows) |
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Definition
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Term
| What can infect both humans and animals, making it a commincable disease? |
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| disease that can be transmitted from other vertebrates to humans (squirrel=rabbies, armadillo=plague, turtle=salmonella) |
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| what is classified as a zoonose because of soil, water and uncooked meats |
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Definition
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Term
| site at which an organism can enter the body (skin, follicles) |
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Definition
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Term
| What portal of entry can cause HIV, Rubella, and cognital infectious disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| involves droplet nuclei (organisms embedded in dry mucus) includes coughing, talking |
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Definition
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Term
| When a non-living carrier of an infectious agent moves the organism from its resevior to its host |
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Definition
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Term
| a living organism that transmitts a disease to humans |
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Definition
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Term
| the insect transmitts a pathogen passivly (not on purpose) on their bodies ex. fly=> feces => food |
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Definition
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Term
| when an insect transmitts a pathogen actively ex. malaria |
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Term
| examples of yersinia pestic which is biological |
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Definition
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Term
| sites where organisms leave the body (fluids- sneezing, coughing, urin) |
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Definition
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| requires body contact (handshake, kissing or improperly washed hands fecal oral) |
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| parent to offspring, through placenta, breastmilk, birth canal |
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Definition
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| through fomites (non-living objects that harbor infectious agent ex. money) |
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Term
| when a patient with disease is prevented contact with others |
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Definition
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Term
| seperation of healthy carriers when they have been exposed to a communicable disease |
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| Atlanta, esablish guidlines, make reccomendations |
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| infectious diseases that are potentially harmful to the public health (HIV) |
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Definition
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Term
| the proportion of individuals who are immune to a particular disease |
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Definition
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| set standards for international disease control |
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Definition
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| infections aquired in hospital or medical facility |
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| caused by organisms from environment (other patients) |
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Definition
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Term
| caused by your own flora (e.coli) |
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Definition
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Term
| Published by CDC, healthcare guidlines to reduce the risk of infection and contamination |
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Definition
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