Term
| Which organelles have an inner and outer membrane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two organelles have DNA and ribosomes? |
|
Definition
| Mitochondria and Chloroplast |
|
|
Term
Are short and beat in synchrony
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Long and move by a whip-like motion
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protection, Adherence to surfaces, recieve signals from other cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cell walls of fungi and algae are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cell walls are composed of an inner layer of _____ and a thin layer of _____. |
|
Definition
| Chitin or cellulose, glycans |
|
|
Term
| Cytoplasmic membrane has a typical _______ containing proteins and _______. |
|
Definition
Phospholipid bilayer
Sterols- rigid molecules not found in prokaryotes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inner- interacts with nuleoplasm
Outer- continous with ER |
|
|
Term
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is a major site of synthesis of |
|
Definition
| membrane proteins, glcoproteins, and new membranes |
|
|
Term
| Smooth ER participates in synthesis of |
|
Definition
| lipids and carbohydrate metabolism |
|
|
Term
| Golgi Apparatus is thought of as a packing machine what three things does it do? |
|
Definition
1. Products are chemically modified
2. Targets proteins for secretion
3. Adds sugar residues |
|
|
Term
Contain digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules into monomers
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Site of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chlorophyill and is found in plants and algae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell shape, movement, and directs traffic within cell |
|
|
Term
| Three protein filaments that make up cytoskeleton: |
|
Definition
1. Microfilaments- polymers of actin
2. Microtubules
3. Intermediate filaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Yests
2. Molds
3.Mushrooms |
|
|
Term
| Live at extreme temps and pH making the common contaminants of food |
|
Definition
| Chemoorganotrophs/heterotrophs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saprobes- nutrients that come from dead plants and animals |
|
|
Term
| Molds are what typr of fungi? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individual hypha forming branches |
|
|
Term
| Asexual spores formed on hyphal branches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 characteristics of condia |
|
Definition
1. Usually pigmented
2. Resistant to drying
3. spread in air to new habitats |
|
|
Term
| Hyphae can be ________ or __________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Asexual Spores are diploid cells that form: |
|
Definition
1. In a sporangium(sack)- sporangiospores
2. Budding from the tip of a hypha- canidospores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formed from fusion of unicellular gametes or two haploid spores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sexual spores formed within ascus(sac) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sexual spores at the end of a club-shaped structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form large fruiting bodies |
|
|
Term
| Sexual spores basidiospores, of mushrooms form |
|
Definition
| underside, gills, of fruiting body and dispersed by wind |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form of fungi is Candida albicans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Saccharomyces are what type of fungi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sexual and asexual spores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infect healthy people (Superficial and Systemic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Algae contain ______ and ________, and most contain one or more _______ |
|
Definition
| Chlorophyll and oxygenic photosynthesis, chlroplasts |
|
|
Term
| Dinoflagellates are flagellated ______ algae. Some are _____ and some are ________ with animals that make up coral reefs. |
|
Definition
Marine
Free-living, symbionts |
|
|
Term
| Dinoflagellates form ___________ which kill fixh and humans who eat it - potent _________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pfiesteria pscicida causes |
|
Definition
| Massive fish kills- neurotoxin that affects fish |
|
|
Term
| Algae are classified based on (5): |
|
Definition
1. Pigmnets
2. Reserve polymers (starch)
3. Cel wall sx
4. Metabolism
5. Motility |
|
|
Term
| Cell wall of algae is composed of |
|
Definition
| cellulose fibers (some strengthened with calcium carbonate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cell walls composed of silica |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water, soil, porous rocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms that: |
|
Definition
1. Do not have cell walls
2. Colorless and motile by ectoplasm(inch worm)
3. Lack chlorophyll and chloroplasts (photosynthesis)
4. Do not form fruiting bodies
5. May be motile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Water
2. Parasitic in humans and animals
3. Soil and aerial (tree) habitats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ingesting particles via phagocytosis and swallow using a gullet |
|
|
Term
Protozoa motility- taxanomic groups
1. Flagella
2. Cilia
3. Amoeboid actions/pseudopods
4. Nonmotile/parasitic |
|
Definition
1. Mastigophora (Mast of boat)
2. Ciliophora
3. Sarcodina
4. Apicomplexa |
|
|
Term
| Protozoa have a feeding stage called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Protozoa form _____ called a _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The flagellates are either_______ or_________. |
|
Definition
1. Free-living
2. Parasitic |
|
|
Term
| Flagellates are ________ to humans and animals. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| African sleeping sickness |
|
|
Term
| African sleeping sickness is transmitted by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| African sleeping sickness invades _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trichomonas vaginalis is what? And lives in what? |
|
Definition
STD
Lives in intestinal tract of vertebrates and invertebrates |
|
|
Term
| Giardia intestinalis is a _______ illnes that induces what? |
|
Definition
water and foodborne
Induces foul-smelling cramping diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Leishmania is transmitted by _______ which leads to __________. |
|
Definition
| Sandflies, visceral or cutaneous infection leading to liver failure |
|
|
Term
| Euglenoids contain _______ and are exclusively _________ and _________. |
|
Definition
| Chloroplasts, aquatic, nonpathocenic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amoebas consist of both __________ _________ and ________ ________. |
|
Definition
| Shelled foraminifera, unshelled amoeba |
|
|
Term
| Microorganisms living in coastal waters that form shells. Usually composed of calcium carbonate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes ulcerations of GI tract incluiding amoebic dysentery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ciliates have two types of nuclei: micsonucleus which functions with inheritance and _________, and macronucleus which is only involved in the production of _____ and cell growth and fxn. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Best known and most widely distributed ciliate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Distinct oral region connected to a gullet. Food enters cytoplasm, enclosed in food vacule and digested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Long, thin filaments that attach to the surface and can signal celll to attack or defend |
|
|
Term
| Ciliate that is parasitic for animals and humans |
|
Definition
| Blantidium coli (dysentery) |
|
|
Term
| Large group of obligate protozoan parasites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sporozoans causitive agents:
1. Malaria
2. Toxoplasmosis
3. Coccidiosis |
|
Definition
1. Plasmodium
2. Toxoplasmosis
3. Eimeria |
|
|
Term
| Sporozoans form resting structures called |
|
Definition
| Sporozoites- fxn in transmission of protozoa |
|
|
Term
| Carried in mosquitoes and transmitted to birds and humans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sporozoans cintain plastid called _______, but incapable of photosynthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Trypanasoma cruzi
Lifecycle dependent on __________ |
|
Definition
South and Central American Chagas Disease
Reduviid bug (Kissing bug) |
|
|
Term
T. cruzi multiplies in ________ of _________.
And grows by multiplying in _____ and ______ of the mammal |
|
Definition
GI tract of reduviid bug
Muscle and WBCs |
|
|
Term
| Amoebic dysentery caused by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lifecycle of Amoebic dysentery
1. Humans ingest food/water with _________ that pass through stomach unharmed
2._______ germinates in small intestine and divides to form ________.
3. ________ migrate to _______ and may invade ______, ________, and _______. |
|
Definition
1. cysts
2. cysts, trophozoite
3. trophozoites; small intestine; liver, lungs, and skin |
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of Amoebic dysentery |
|
Definition
| Nausea, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea that can lead to weight loss and dehydration |
|
|
Term
| Parasitic worms whose adult forms can be seen by the naked eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two major groups based on Morphology |
|
Definition
Platyhelminths (flatworms)
Aschelminths (nematodes) |
|
|
Term
| 2 Platyhelminths (flatworms) |
|
Definition
Cestodes (tapeworms)
Trematodes (flukes) |
|
|
Term
| Morphology of parasitic helminths |
|
Definition
| Multicellular with organs and organ systems- GI system and reproductive tract |
|
|
Term
| Reproduction of parasitic helminths |
|
Definition
| With male and female forms and hermaphroditic |
|
|
Term
Parasitic Helminths lifecycle requires transmission of infective form to body of new host
2 kinds of hosts |
|
Definition
Intermediate host- transports parasite
Definitive host- adulthood and mating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes common infestation of large intestine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cycle of E. vermicularis begins when person swallows ____, ______ ________ and matures in 1 month. Female worms deposit eggs in ______. _________ contaminates fingers and spreads to other objects. |
|
Definition
| egg, egg hatches, anus, itching |
|
|
Term
| Helminths identified by 6 things: |
|
Definition
1. Shape
2. Development of organs
3. Presence of hookers, suckers and other sxs
4. Mode of reproduction
5. Kinds of hosts
6. Appearance of eggs or larvae
|
|
|
