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Micro bio vocab
Micro bio vocab and antibiotics
68
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
10/20/2014

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Term
Acidophile
Definition
organisim taht likes low ph, 5.5 and below
Term
Aerobe
Definition
can use or requiers oxygen in resperation
Term
Aerotolerant anaerobe
Definition
micro org unable to respire oxygen but does not kill it
Term
Alkaiphile
Definition
org that has pg optimin of 8 or higher
Term
Anaerobe
Definition
Org that cannot use oxygena nd is inheibited by it
Term
antimicrobial agent
Definition
a chemical comound taht kills or inhibits the gorwth of micro orgs
Term
Antiseptic (germicicde)
Definition
chemical agend taht kills or inhibits groth of microrgs and is sufficeintly nontoxic to be applied to livng tissue
Term
Autocalve
Definition
sealed heating device that destorys microbs via steam and pressure
Term
Bacteriocidal agent
Definition
agent that kills bacteria
Term
Bacteriostatic agent
Definition
agned that inhbits baceiral growth
Term
batch culture
Definition
a closed-system microbial culteure of fixed volume
Term
Binary fission
Definition
cell deevision folowwing enlargemnt of a cell to twice it's normal size
Term
biofilm
Definition
an attached polysaccharide matrix contaning bacterial cells
Term
cardnial temperature
Definition
the min, max and uptamom temp for a givin organisim
Term
Chemostat
Definition
a device that allous for the continous cultuere of micro org with indepedent conrol of both gorwth rate and cell number
Term
Compatibal state
Definition
a molucule that is accumulated in the cytoplasam of cell for adjustment of water activity ubut does not inhibit bactiral processes
Term
Decontamination
Definition
treatement of a surface or object to make it safe to handel
Term
Disinfectant
Definition
an antimicribial agend used only on inanimant objects
Term
Divisome
Definition
complex of proteins that directs cell division process
Term
Exponential growth
Definition
growth of a microbal population in which cell numbers double within specific time interaval
Term
Extream halophile
Definition
a micro org that requirs very large amounts of NACL usualy greter than 10% andin some cases need the saturateiron to grow
Term
Facultuative
Definition
an org that can grow with or without something
Term
FtcZ
Definition
A protein that forms a ring along the mid-cell deiviosn place to initiatte cell devision
Term
Fungicidal agent
Definition
kills fungi
Term
Fungialstatic agent
Definition
inhibits gorwth of fungi
Term
Generation time
Definition
time requried for a population of cells to double
Term
Growth
Definition
An increse in cell number
Term
Halophile
Definition
micro org that requiers NACL for growth
Term
Halolertant
Definition
micro org that does not need NACL but can grow in it's presence
Term
HEPA filter
Definition
(high effecaincy particulate air) filer that removes partical including micro orgs from intake or exsaust of air flow
Term
Hypothermophile
Definition
procaryote that has an optimum tmeo of 80C or higher
Term
Mesophile
Definition
org that gorws between 20-40C
Term
Microaerophile
Definition
aherchic organisim that can grow only when oxygen tensions are reduced from the present in air
Term
Neutorphile
Definition
An org that grows best at ph 5.5-8
Term
Minimum inhibatory concentraion (MIC)
Definition
the minimum concentraion of substance nessacary to prevent microbal growth
Term
Obligate anerobe
Definition
org that cannot grow in the presnecne of oxygen
Term
Osmophile
Definition
org that grows best in the presnece ofhigh level of soulte typically a sugar
Term
Pasturazation
Definition
the hat treatment of milk and other liquids to reduce the toatl number of microbes
Term
PH
Definition
the negative logarithim of the hydrogen ion H+ concnetarion of a solution
Term
Plate Count
Definition
a method of counting vial cells,the humber of colonies on a plate is used to measure the number of cells
Term
Psychrophile
Definition
an org with a temp of 15C and max growth temp of 20
Term
Psychrotolrent
Definition
able to grow at low temp but has a higher optimim temp of 20C
Term
Sanatizer
Definition
an agent that reduces micro orgs to a safe leevel but may not elimanate them.
Term
Sterilant
Definition
a chemical agent that destorys all forms of microbail life
Term
Sterilazation
Definition
the killing or removal of all livng organisism and viruses
Term
Thermophile
Definition
an org who's groth temperateure optimin lies between 40 and 80 C
Term
Viable
Definition
able to reproduce
Term
Viable count
Definition
a measeurement of the concentarion of cells in a population
Term
Viridal agend
Definition
agned taht stops viral reproduction
Term
Viristatatic agnet
Definition
agend taht inhibits viral reprodution
Term
Water activity
Definition
the ratio of the vapor pressure of air in equaliv with a solution to the vapor pressure of pure water
Term
Xerohile
Definition
an org that is able to live or needs to live in dry enviornmetns
Term
Streptomycins
Definition
Mode of action (MOA): bind to 16s to freese and slow down 30s
Resistantce: common
Good for: G-, some G+
Term
Tetracyclin bacstatic
Definition
Tetracyclin
Bind to 30S inhibit binding to 70S
Borad spectrum good for intracellular
Resistance comong
Side effect, destroy intenral flora, stains teath/bones
Term
Spectinomycin static
Definition
interfer with RNA intearction of 30S
Used in treatemnet of penicilin resistant orgs
Resistance, rager in Nisseria gonorrhea
Term
Chlorampenical bacstatic
Definition
bind to 50s inhibit peptdyl activity
broad rage
common resistance
damgages bone marrow
Term
Macrolider static
Definition

erythrcmycin
inhibit translation
gram +

resistance common 

Term
Fusidic acid static
Definition
bind to eleongation factor EF-G and inhibit replection
gram +
Term
Daptomycin
Definition
G+ board
Forms pores in cytoplasmic membrne
Term
Platensimycin
Definition
new
brwoaed specrum
good for MERSA
Term
Peniciline
Definition
G+
some syntehics on G-
Term
Cephlosporins
Definition
same as peneciline +borader spectrum
react to enxyme that maks bata-lactos ring
treat gonorrhea
Term
Rifamphin bactrail ciadal
Definition
bind to DNA depreset RNA poly inhibit initionation of mRNA sytnehsys
tuberculosos
common resistance
Term
Quinolones bactiarl ciadal
Definition
bind to A subsuit of DNA gyrase prevent super coil
G+ cocci
resistance: common for halidixis acid develop for cipeflaxin
Term
Sulonamides static
Definition
anolog of paramicobenxic acid inhibit dihydroperic acid
borad ragne G+, G-
comon resistance
Term
Tripnethoirin staic
Definition

bind to dihydofolate inhbit tetrohydrofic acid
G+, G-

comon resistnace 

Term
Para-aminosalicic acid PSA satic
Definition
similar to sulafa, speciice for mycobaitoins, tb
Term
dapsone static
Definition
similar to sufla inhibit mycrolic acids
tb
resitance devloped
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