Term
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Definition
Lack a true membrane-bound nucleus
Include Bacteria. |
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Definition
| True nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
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Definition
Normal flora gone bad
ie. Staph epi |
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Term
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Definition
Found only in the cell walls of bacteria.
Transpeptidases link peptidoglycan polymers by amino acid side chains. |
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Term
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Definition
Penicillin binding protein
Transpeptidases that link peptidoglycans
Attachment of penicillin to the PBPs in the cell wall interferes with construction of cell wall. |
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Term
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Definition
| Very thick peptidoglycan layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of peptidoglycan in a Gram Positive cell results in the formation of a protoplast. Prone to bursting. |
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Term
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Definition
Thin peptidoglycan layer
Has a periplasmic space |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed from the loss of peptidoglycan layer in a Gram negative cell. |
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Term
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Definition
An active metabolic area. Contains:
1. Digestive enzymes
2. Proteins that facilitate transport of materials into and out of the cell.
3. Buffers that protect the cytoplasm from osmotic flux in the environment.
4. Enzymes (heat shock proteins, chaperones, hydrolases, proteases, etc.
5. Exotoxins and other virulence factors that may be released into the surrounding area. |
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Term
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Definition
found only in gram negative bacteria
has 2 layers |
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Term
| Inner layer of outer membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| Outer layer of outer membrane |
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Definition
| Part of Gram negative OM that makes it unique from all other organisms because it contains LPS molecules.. |
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Term
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Definition
Lippopolysaccharide
3 Parts
Lipid A
Core Polysaccharide
O antigen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
septic shock
Caused from large release of LPS resulting in an overwhelming immune response. Largely due to Lipid A, often deadly.
20% of patients with septicemia. |
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Term
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Definition
Occurs after a second encounter with large amounts of endotoxin
Results in tissue necrosis and damage. |
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Term
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Definition
Waxy coat
ie. tubercuulosis, leprae |
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Term
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Definition
ie. pneumoniae
lack a cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
| Fillament "tail" providing movement |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
"pili"
Adhere to host tissue |
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Term
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Definition
"sex pili"
Present only on F+ cells
Allows one way cell to cell transfer of DNA. |
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Term
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Definition
"slime layer"
Allows survival under extreme conditions |
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Term
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Definition
Adherence to host tissues
Barrier to hydrophobic molecules
Antiphagocytic |
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Term
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Definition
| Virulent strains make capsules which protect cells from being phagocytosed and killed by PMN's |
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Term
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Definition
Extrachromosomal circular DNA
Can replicate independently of the Chromosome
Not essential for survival, provides "selective advantage" |
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Term
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Definition
Bacterial spores
Produced by some Gr+ species
Most resistant life form, able to survive extreme conditions.
Protect chromosomal DNA |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Mesophile that can survive in cold temps |
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Term
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Definition
| Enjoys moderate temperatures |
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Term
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Definition
| Best in very warm or hot temeratures |
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Term
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Definition
| Able to survive in warm/hot temperatures |
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Term
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Definition
First phase of bacterial growth
Occurs when bacteria are first inoculated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells are dividing regularly at a constant rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reproducing at the same rate other cells are dying |
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Term
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Definition
| cells are dying faster than they are being produced. |
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Term
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Definition
"Jumping Genes"
DNA that can travel from one place on a chromosome to another place. |
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Term
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Definition
| The making of endospores by G+ species |
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Term
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Definition
| Species exiting endospore state |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria can repair minor damage to DNA |
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Term
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Definition
Fertility factor
Instructions to make F-Pillis and send a copy of plasmid DNA to another bacterial cell |
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Term
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Definition
Jumping genes
DNA that can travel from one place on a chromosome to another place. Travel to a plasmid and back to the chromosome. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dead cells "naked" DNA picked up by other bacteria and incorporated. |
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Term
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Definition
| One way transfer directly from one bacteria to another. Uses F pillus (sex pillus) |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria infected by a virus. |
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Term
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Definition
Phage
Virus that targets bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
Temperate viruses
Replicate with the host chromosome for many generations |
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Term
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Definition
| Many bacteria only release harmful toxins after they are lysogenized. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Catalase test result indicating staphylococcus |
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Term
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Definition
Slime layer
associated with virulence, protection, and adherance.
A characteristic of Staff aureus |
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Term
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Definition
Coats most Staff aureus sstrains.
Prevents antibody-mediated clearance
Repeals macrophages
Binds compllement |
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Term
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Definition
Clumping factor
toxins
Associated with Staff aureus
clump together and wall itself off |
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Term
| Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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Definition
Normal flora on skin
Forms biofilm on catheters, shunts, or any other synthetic material in the body |
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Term
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus |
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Definition
| Common case of UTI's (urinary tract infection) |
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Term
| Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome |
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Definition
SSSS AKA Ritters disease
Caused by toxins |
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Term
| Staphylococcal Food Poisoning |
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Definition
Most Common Food Poisoning
Due to intoxication by an enterotoxin
Heat stable toxin |
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Term
| Coagulase positive staphylococcal infections |
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Definition
due to actual infection by Staphylococcus aureus.
Furuncles, Carbuncles, and wound infections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Walled off area of consolidation.
Pus in lung |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
arthritis due to infection
Mechanically abnormal joints
Patients with prosthetic joints |
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Term
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Definition
| S. epidermidis may colonize heart valves that are damaged. |
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Term
| Staphylococcus sapropphyticus |
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Definition
| UTI especially in sexually active young women. |
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Term
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Definition
community aquired MRSA. kills white blood cells, more dangerous.
Severe skin and soft tissue infections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| complete hemolysis, strep |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
Normal Viridans
Strep mutans |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Specific cell-wall protein found in virulent streptococcus
Inhibits phagocytosis |
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Term
| Tampon toxic shock caused by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
degrades complement molecule..
Reduces chemotaxis and activation of inflamatory cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| causes strep throat and scarlet fever |
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Term
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Definition
complication of streptococcal pharyngitis.
sunburn like rash |
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Term
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Definition
streptococcal gangrene
flesh eating bacteria, strains of strepp pyogenes (group A strep) |
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Term
| Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) |
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Definition
| includes bacterimia and necrotizing fasciitiis |
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Term
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Definition
Aschoff bodies are lesions in Heart Tissue.
Dammage heart valve. |
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Term
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Definition
| involuntary, purposeless contractions of the muscles of the trunk, extremeties, face. Caused by rheumatic fever |
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Term
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Definition
| Complication of a prior Strep Pyogenes pharyngeal or cutaneous infection elsewehre in body |
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Term
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Definition
Cause of puerperal sepsis
Most common cause of meningitis, septicimia, and infectious death in newborns |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
opportunistic
Encapsulated strains produce alpha hemolysis
Nonencapsulated are nonvirulent |
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Term
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Definition
Cleaves IgA found in mucous
gains access to lower respiratory tract. |
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Term
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Definition
found in throat and nasopharynx of normal healthy people.
Non encapsulated |
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Term
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Definition
| Strep pneumonia is a major cause in adults and children |
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Term
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Definition
Normal flora of human gut.
Preciously Group D strep
Able to grow in bile
Resistent to all known antibiotics. |
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