Term
| Where do most DNA viruses replicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is temporal regulation? |
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Definition
| A timewise sequence of steps in which certain factors are emphasized for translation at different times |
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Term
| What is the general strategy for viral replication? |
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Definition
| Viral protein synthesis and post translational processing followed by virion assembly and release |
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Term
| What is the smallest DNA virus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the nucleic acid in parvovirus, and how many proteins does it encode? |
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Definition
| Single-stranded linear DNA genome encodes 3 structural and 2 non-structural proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| They are assembled in the nucleus with + and - DNA strands in separate virions, then are released by lysis |
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Term
| How does B19 virus operate? |
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Definition
| It binds to the red blood cell group P antigen during the S phase of the cell's growth cycle in order to use cell DNA polymerase. |
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Term
| What is a consequence of B19 requiring cell DNA polymerase? |
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Definition
| It will not survive in terminally differentiated cells, so it must insert into cells that are proliferating |
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Term
| What shape is the papovavirus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the genome of papovavirus arranged? |
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Definition
| It is a small, circular dsDNA with early, late, and noncoding regions for temporal regulation |
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Term
| What proteins are synthesized in the early and late regions of papovavirus? |
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Definition
Early: T (transformation) proteins to stimulate host cell growth
Late: VP (structural) proteins |
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Term
| Why is the noncoding region of papovavirus important? |
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Definition
| It is for mRNA initiation and is the origin for bidirectional DNA replication |
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Term
| What is the shape of adenovirus? |
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Definition
| Icosadeltahedral virion with fibers |
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Term
| How is the genome of adenovirus arranged? |
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Definition
| Linear dsDNA with a 5' terminal protein and genes that are transcribed from both strands |
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Term
| What are the early adenovirus genes? |
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Definition
| There are 4 promoters and 2 transactivator proteins (E1A, E1B) to stimulate cell growth and promote transformation |
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Term
| Where does adenovirus get DNA polymerase? |
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Definition
| It is virally encoded (E2) |
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Term
| What are the late adenovirus genes? |
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Definition
| 1 promoter to make late proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| The viral genome remains in the cell nucleus but is not actively replicating |
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Term
| What is the structure of herpesvirus? |
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Definition
| Large, enveloped icosadeltahedral virion |
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Term
| How is the genome of herpesvirus arranged? |
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Definition
| Linear dsDNA genome with 100-150Mb |
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Term
| What are the unique regions of the herpesvirus genome? |
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Definition
| The genome is bracketed by direct (EBV) or inverted repeats |
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Term
| What are the inverted repeats? |
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Definition
| HSV, VAV, CMV--they allow the genome to recombine into isomeric forms |
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Term
| What are the herpesvirus immediate early genes? |
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Definition
| Genes that code DNA binding proteins that regulate expression of viral genes |
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Term
| What are the herpesvirus early genes? |
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Definition
| Genes that encode for DNA polymerase and enzymes for dNTP synthesis as well as HSV (viral thymidine kinase) |
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Term
| What are the herpesvirus late genes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the poxvirus genome assembled? |
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Definition
| Linear dsDNA genome with fused ends and 120Mb |
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Term
| Why is poxvirus replication unique? |
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Definition
| It takes place in cytoplasmic inclusions instead of the nucleus like most other DNA viruses, therefore it must encode all the proteins for mRNA and DNA synthesis |
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Term
| Where do poxvirus virions assemble? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hepadnavirus? |
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Definition
| The enveloped virus for hepatitis B |
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Term
| How is the hepadnavirus genome unique? |
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Definition
| It is a circular partially dsDNA genome that is completed in the nucleus once it infects a cell, then is transcribed from different start sites with the same 3' end to make overlapping mRNAs |
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Term
| What antigens are encoded by hepadnavirus mRNA? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It degredes the mRNA so that dsDNA can be synthesized |
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Term
| What envelops the genome of hepadnavirus? |
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Definition
| HBsAg membranes of ER or Golgi |
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