Term
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Definition
| defense against any pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
| induced resistance to a specific pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
| observed chickens injected with weakened pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
| received the nobel prize for development of antitoxin |
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Term
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Definition
| work led to the ID of antibodies in serum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| due to T cells, T cells mature in the thymus |
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Term
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Definition
| due to antibodies, B cells mature in the bone marrow (chickens: bursa of fabricius) |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| antibodies, interact with epitopes or antigenic determinants |
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Term
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Definition
| antigen is combined with carrier molecules |
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Term
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Definition
haplen-carrier conjugate
haplen too small to make a difference |
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Term
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Definition
| globular proteins called immunoglobins & valence |
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Term
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Definition
| determined by The number of antigen-binding sites |
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Term
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Definition
monomer, 80%, fix complement, in blood, lymph, and intestine
cross placenta and walls of blood cells, enhance phagocytosis, neutralize toxins and viruses, protect fetus and newborn
half-life=23 days |
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Term
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Definition
pentameter, 5-10%, fix complement, in blood, lymph, and B cells as a monomer, agglutinate microbes, first Ab produced in response to infection.
Half-life=5 days |
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Term
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Definition
dimer (2), 10-15%, in secretions (mucus, saliva, tears, breast milk), mucosal protection
half-life=6 days |
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Term
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Definition
monomer, .2%, in blood, lymph, and on B cells, (in b cells they initiate immune response
half life=3 days |
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Term
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Definition
monomer, .002%, on mast cells, basophils, and in blood, allergic reactions, lysis of parasitic worms (via ADCC),
half-life=2 days |
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Term
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Definition
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expressed on mammalian cells
T-dependent antigens: Ag presented with MHC to T-helper cell. T-helper cell produced cytokines that activate the B cell (MEMORY CELLS)
T-independent antigens: stimulate the B cell to make antibodies (no memory cells, quicker, IgM produced) |
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Term
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Definition
| B cells differentiate into plasma-cells (antibody producing) and memory cells. Clonal deletion eliminates harmful B cells |
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Term
| Antigen-Antibody binding: consequences |
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Definition
Agglutination
Opsonization
Activation of compliment
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Neutralization |
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Term
| T cells and cellular immunity |
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Definition
| T cells mature in thymus. Thymic selection eliminates many immature T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| T-cell receptors. how T cells respond to antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| Antigen-presenting cells. T cells require them |
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Term
| pathogens entering the gastrointestinal or resp. tract pass through |
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Definition
| M (microfold) cells or Peyer's patches that contain APCs |
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Term
| T-H cells produce cytokines and differentiate into |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| produce IFN gamma, which activates cells related to cell-mediated immunity, macrophages, and Abs |
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Term
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Definition
| activate eosinophils and B cells to produce IgE |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate the innate immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| follicular helper cell: stimulate B cells to produce plasma cells and are involved in class switching |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| T Cytotoxic cells' Target cells |
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Definition
| are self-cells carrying endogenous antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| cytotoxic T lymphocytes. recognize antigen and MHC I. Induce apoptosis in target cell. CTL releases perforin and granzymes |
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Term
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Definition
Treg cells
CD4 and CD25 on surface, suppress T cells against self |
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Term
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Definition
digest antigen, Antigen fragments on APC surface with MHC
B cells, dendritic cells, and activated macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural Killer cells: granular leukocytes destroy cells that don't express MHC I. Kill virus-infected and tumor cells. Attack parasites |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. organisms too large for ingestion by phagocytes must be attacked externally |
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Term
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Definition
| simulates T-h cells in presence of antigens, attracts phagocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| proliferation of antigen-stimulated CD4+ T helper cells, proliferation and differentiation of B cells, activation of CD8+T cells and NK cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits humoral immunity; activates T-h1 cellular immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| induce the migration of leukocytes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| influence differentiation of blood stem cells |
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Term
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Definition
| response to viral infection, interfere with protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates macrophage activity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| occurs after initial contact with anitgen |
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Term
| secondary (memory or anamnestic) response |
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Definition
| occurs after second exposure |
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Term
| Naturally acquired ACTIVE immunity |
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Definition
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Term
| Naturally acquired passive immunity |
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Definition
| transplacental or via colostrum (breat feeding) |
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Term
| artificially acquired active immunity |
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Definition
| infection of antigen (vaccination) |
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Term
| artificially acquired passive immunity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| study of reactions between antibodies and antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic term for serum because it contains Ab |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serum fraction containing Antibodies |
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