Term
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Definition
A catalyst is a substance that affects the rate of a reaction without being
used up in the reaction. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A reaction rate is the rate at which reactants change into products over time. |
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Term
Where does the energy term appear in the equation for an
endothermic reaction? |
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Definition
| The energy term appears on the left side. |
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Term
| What is an exothermic reaction? |
|
Definition
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that
releases energy to its surroundings. |
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Term
|
Definition
2. Chemical reactions involve the breaking of chemical bonds in the
reactants and the formation of chemical bonds in the .
3. Is the following sentence true or false? The formation of chemical
bonds absorbs energy.
4. What role does the spark from the igniter play in the reaction that takes
place when propane is burned in a gas grill?
5. Is the following sentence true or false? The heat and light given
off by a propane stove result from the formation of new chemical
bonds.
6. The combustion of one molecule of propane (C3H8) results in the
formation of C!O double bonds and
O"H single bonds.
Chemical
bonds are
broken and
formed.
Releases energy to
the surroundings
Absorbs energy
from surroundings
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of
a substance. |
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Term
Calcium reacts with oxygen to form calcium oxide. Which reactant
is oxidized in this reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a double-replacement reaction? |
|
Definition
A double-replacement reaction is a reaction in
which two different compounds exchange positive ions and form two new compounds. |
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Term
| Name five general types of chemical reactions. |
|
Definition
Synthesis, decomposition, single
replacement, double replacement, and combustion |
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Term
| An ion that contains a covalently bonded group of atoms |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Solids whose particles are arranged in a lattice structure |
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Definition
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Term
| The force that holds atoms or ions together |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for mercury(II) sulfide? |
|
Definition
| Hg ion has a charge of 2! and S ion has a charge of 2". The ratio is 1 to 1, so the formula is HgS. |
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Term
| What is the formula for barium nitrate? |
|
Definition
Ba is in the same group as Mg, so its ion has a charge of 2!. Nitrate (NO3) ion has a charge of 1",
so the ratio is 1 to 2. The formula is Ba(NO3)2. |
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Term
What type of alloy is used to make airplane parts that need to be
extremely lightweight? |
|
Definition
| an aluminum-magnesium alloy |
|
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Term
| Explain why pure aluminum is not the best material for the body of a plane. |
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Definition
| Although aluminum is lighter than most metals, it bends and dents too easily. |
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Term
How do the hardness and strength of bronze compare to the hardness and
strength of copper alone and tin alone? |
|
Definition
Bronze is harder and stronger than either copper
or tin alone. |
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Term
|
Definition
An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which
is a metal. |
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Term
| The cations in a metal form a lattice. What holds the lattice in place? |
|
Definition
The lattice is
held in place by strong metallic bonds between the cations and the surrounding valence electrons. |
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Term
| Describe a metallic bond. |
|
Definition
A metallic bond is the attraction between a metal cation and the
cation and the shared electrons that surround it. |
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Term
Is the following sentence true or false? The properties of a metal are
related to bonds within the metal. |
|
Definition
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