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Michael Shane Jensen
Astronomy And Other
58
Science
9th Grade
12/18/2011

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Term
Astronomical Unit
Definition
A Unit Of Measurement Equal To The Average Distance Between The Earth And Sun
Term
Light Year
Definition
The Distance Light Travels In One Year
Term
Parsec
Definition
A Unit Of Measurement Used To Describe Large Distances, Equal To 3.26 Light Years
Term
Nebula
Definition
A Cloud Of Dust And Gas In Space
Term
Planetesimal
Definition
A Small Piece Of A Solar nebula That Condenses Into Protoplanetary Bodies
Term
Protoplanetary Body
Definition
A Clump Of Material That forms Before A Solar System. Fore Runner Of The Planets We See Today
Term
Nuclear Fusion
Definition
A Nuclear Process That Releases Massive Amounts Of Energy When Two Light Nuclei Combine For A Heavier One.
Term
Terrestrial Planets
Definition
Planets That Have A Rocky Or Grassy landscape. They Can Have Gasses. Mars Venus Earth Mercury
Term
Gas Giant Planets
Definition
Planets Made Entirely Of Gas. Usually Made Of Hydrogen, Helium, And Other Things. Saturn Uranus Neptune And Jupiter
Term
Comet
Definition
A Big Chunk Of Frozen Gasses, Ice, Debris, And Rock That Orbit The Sun
Term
Asteroid
Definition
A Small Planetary Body Orbitting The Sun.
Term
Cosmologist
Definition
A Scientist Who Studies The Origin And Dynamics Of The Universe
Term
Accretion
Definition
The Process In Which Dust And Gas Turn Into Stars And Planets
Term
Spring Tide
Definition
When The Tides Increase During The Time Of The Full And New Moon
Term
Neap Tide
Definition
When The Tides Decrease During The Times Of Both Half Moons
Term
Eccentricity
Definition
The Distance Between The Foci And The Major Axis
Term
Coma
Definition
The Icy Area Around The Head And Body Of A Comet
Term
Precession
Definition
The Wobble Of The Earth's Axis Due To The Gravitational Pull Of The Earth And Sun
Term
Orbital Plane
Definition
The Path Of The Earth Around The Sun
Term
Inclination
Definition
The Difference Between The Orbital Plane Of the Sun And The Orbit Of An Object Around It
Term
Solar Wind
Definition
A Flow Of Hot Charged Particles Leaving The Sun
Term
Meteoroid
Definition
A Small Rock IN SPACE (It Has To Be In Space To Be A Meteoroid)
Term
Meteor
Definition
A Meteoroid When It Enters The Earth's Atmosphere. (It Has To Be In The Atmosphere To Be A Meteor)
Term
Meteorite
Definition
A Part Of A Meteor That Survives The Earths Atmosphere. (A Meteorite Is A Little Peice Of The Meteor Taken By Scientists)
Term
Albedo
Definition
The Exact Mirror/Copy Of A Non-Luminous Object.
Term
Plasma
Definition
A State Of Matter Where All Atoms Are Ionized
Term
Ionosphere
Definition
The Layer Of Atmosphere About 80 To 400km Above The Earths Surface. Atoms Are Ionized There.
Term
Ion
Definition
An Atom With One Or More Electrons Removed Or Added. Added: Negative Charge Removed: Positive Charge
Term
Aurora
Definition
The Bright Emission Of Atoms And Molecules Being Ionized. (The Northern And Southern Lights)
Term
Spectroscopy
Definition
The Study Of Light Interacting With Each Other
Term
Spectroscope
Definition
A Scope That Has A Slit, Grating Or Prism. Used To Study Light Characteristics By Separating Into Different Colors
Term
Visible Spectrum
Definition
The Range Of Colors (Red To Violet) That Results From Light Characteristics.
Term
Electromagnetic Radiation
Definition
The Energy Given Off From The Sun That Travels Through Space. Travels At 3E8 Miles Per Second
Term
Ultraviolet (UV)
Definition
Electromagnetic Radiation That Ranges Between Visible Light And Gamma Rays. Given Off By The Sun
Term
Infrared
Definition
Electromagnetic Radiation Between Microwave Power And Visible Light. Not Visible To The Human Eye.
Term
Radio Telescope
Definition
An Instrument Used To Detect Radio Waves. Large Dishes And Antennae.
Term
X-Ray Telescope
Definition
A Telescope Used To Detec X-ray Emission. The Earth's Atmosphere absorbs x-rays so the scopes are place high above the earth.
Term
Peak Wavelength
Definition
The Wavelength Of An Electromagnetic Radiation That Is Of The Highest Accord.
Term
Emission Spectrum
Definition
A Spectrum Of Bright Lines That Are Produced By Elements
Term
Absorption Spectrum
Definition
A Continuous Spectrum Interrupted By Absorption lines(Remember The Black lines On The Rainbow Thingy) Of A Spectrum.
Term
Luminosity
Definition
The Amount Of Energy Radiated Every Second
Term
Molecular Cloud
Definition
A Large Cold Cloud Made Of Hydrogen Helium And Maybe Carbon Monoxide. New Stars Are Made Here
Term
Supernova
Definition
The Explosion Of A Massive Star Where The Core Is Completely Burnt Out. They Are Very Shiny And Pretty
Term
Neutron Star
Definition
The Core Of A Massive Star
Term
Stellar Black Hole
Definition
The Core Of A Star That Has Succumb To A SuperNova
Term
Weather
Definition
The State Of The Atmosphere
Term
Climate
Definition
The General Weather Pattern Of A Region
Term
Latitude
Definition
A North-South Measurement Of A Position
Term
Elevation
Definition
The Height Of A Land Surface Relative To Sea Level.
Term
Glacier
Definition
A Long Lasting Block Of Ice And Snow That Develops On Land
Term
Windward
Definition
The Blowing Of Wind Upwards
Term
Leeward
Definition
The Blowing Of Wind Downwards
Term
Heat Capacity
Definition
The Amount Of Heat Required To Increase The Temperature Of An Object
Term
Paleoclimate
Definition
The Climate In The Geological past
Term
Climate Proxy
Definition
Any Set Of Data That Has A Predictable Relationship
Term
Isotope
Definition
Atoms Of A Different Mass Because Of Neutrons And Electrons.
Term
Inverse Square Law
Definition
The Amount Of Radiation Passing Through A Specific Area.
Term
Thermohaline Circulation
Definition
The Vertical Movement Of Sea Water. Caused By Differentiating Temperature
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