Term
Individual vs. group performance
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Definition
•Exact solution > best individual; Probability > group
•Groups are less efficient than individuals
•Groups more confident in decisions.
•Decision quality is negatively related to group size.
•Downplay irrelevant judgments
•Group composition affects decision quality |
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Term
Leadership responsibilities
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Definition
- Focusing on results
- Building commitment and confidence
- Creating opportunities for others to grow
- Providing structure
- Encouraging participation from all
- Managing external relationships
- Socializing new members
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Term
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Definition
SCMART:
· specific
· challenging
· measurable
· accepted
· realistic
· time-bound
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Term
Delegation
Why is it important? |
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Definition
· Frees up time
· Develops subordinates
· Strengthens organization
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Term
Delegation
Why do we avoid it? |
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Definition
· Takes too much time
· It is risky
· Job will not be done well
· Task is desirable
· They are already too busy
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Term
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Definition
· Decide what
· Decide whom
· Make assignment clear and specific
· Assign objective, not procedure
· Allow autonomy, but monitor performance
· Give credit, not blame |
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Term
Empowerment
Top-down approach |
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Definition
Delegation and accountability.
Where senior leadership articulate a vision and specific goals and hold other accountable for achieving them. |
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Term
Empowerment
Bottom-up approach |
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Definition
Intelligent risk taking, growth, Change, trust and ownership. Follower act as entrepreneurs and owners who question rules and make intelligent decisions. |
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Term
True empowerment includes
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Definition
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· Delegating leadership & decision making down to the lowest level possible
· Equipping followers with resources, skills, & knowledge to make good decisions
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Term
Motivation through operant conditioning
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Definition
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Term
Operant Conditioning via extinction
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Definition
o Extinction: weaken behavior by attaching no consequences
· alternative to punishment
· most effective if used with positive reinforcemen
Use punishment when there is danger or seriously undesirable behavior (e.g., unethical behavior)
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Term
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Definition
1.Continuous
2.Intermittent
3.Fixed ratio (focus on Units)
4.Variable ratio (focus on Units)
5.Fixed interval (focus in time)
6.Variable interval (focus in time) |
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Term
Principles regarding positive reinforcement
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Definition
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· Behavior that is rewarded gets repeated” (Skinner)
· Rewarding A while hoping for B
· Do not reward everyone the same
· Feedback should be immediate |
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