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Definition
| essentially, the nature of each group's stake. |
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Term
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| is a method managers use to gather info about external issues and trends, so they can develop an organizational strategy that minimizes threats and takes advantage of new opportunities. |
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Term
| iron law of responsiblity |
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Definition
| says that in the long run those who do not use power in ways that society considers responsible will tend to lose it. |
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Term
| corporate social responsiblity |
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Definition
| means that a corporation should act in a way that enhances society and its inhabitants and be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities and their environment. |
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Term
| corporate social responsiveness |
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Definition
| social impact analysis strategic priority for social response organizational redesign and training for responsiveness and stakeholder mapping and implementatin. |
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Term
| enlightened self interest |
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Definition
| it is in a company's self interest in the long term to provide true value to its customers, to hel p its employees to grow and to behave responsibly as a global corporate citizen. |
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Term
| arguments for corporate social responsiblity |
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Definition
| balances corporate power wit hresponsiblity. Discourages govt regulation. Promotes long term profits for business. Improves business value and reputation. Corrects social problems casued by business. |
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| arguments against corporate social responsiblity |
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Definition
| lowers economic efficiency and profit. Imposes unequal costs among competitors. Imposes hidden costs passed on to stakeholders. requires skills business may lack. Places responsibility on business rather than individuals. |
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| refers to the capability of corporations to influence govt, economy and society based on their organizatinal resources. |
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| believe they have an obligation to see that everyone particularly those in need or at risk-benefits from their firms' actions. |
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| a conception of right and wrong conduct. |
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| holds that ethical prinicples should be defined by various periods of time in history, a society's traditions, the special circumstances of the moment or personal opinion. In this view the meaning given to ethics would be relative to time, place, circumstance and the person involved. No universal ethical standards. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the application of general ethical ideas to business behavior. It is not a special set of ethical ideas different from ethics in general and applicable only to business. |
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Term
| US CORPORATE SENTENCING GUIDLEINES |
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Definition
| provide a strong incentive for businesses to promote ethics at work. The sentencing guidelines come into play when an employee of a firm has been found guilty of criminal wrong doing and the firm is facing sentencing for the criminal act, since the firm is responsible for actions taken by its employees. |
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Term
| what causes some ethics problems? |
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Definition
| desire for personal gain, or even greed, causes some ethics problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| a blend of ideas,customs, traditional practices, company values and shared meanings that help define normal behavior for everyone who works in a company. |
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Definition
| what is and is not acceptable behavior. |
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| most expensive and time consuming element of ethics program. Smaller firms often ignore ethics training; studies have shown that only 20-40% of such businesses offer it to their employees. |
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Term
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Definition
| either a hired outside consultant or an internal employee is required to note any deviations from the company's ethics standards and bring them to attention of the audit supervisor. |
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Term
| US FOREIGN corrupt proactices act |
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Definition
| prevents companies from paying bribes to foreign govt officials, political parties or political canidates. Requires US companies with foreign operations to adopt accounting practices that ensure full disclosure of the company's transactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the increasing movement of goods, services and capital across national borders. It is an ongoing series of interrelated events. |
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Definition
| a manager or employee who puts his or her own self interest above all other considerations. |
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Term
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Definition
| acting for the benefit of others when self interest is sacrificed-is seen to be sentimental or even irrational. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when an individual's self interest conflicts with acting in the best interest of another, when the individual has an obligation to do so. |
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Definition
| stage 6 universal principles; justice, fairness, universal human rights. Principle centered reasoning |
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Term
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Definition
| society at large, customs, traditions, laws. Society-and law centered reasoning |
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Term
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Definition
| focuses on character traits that a good person should possess, theorizing that moral values will direct the person toward good behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| a person or group is entitled to something or is entitled to be treated in a certain way. |
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Term
| foreign direct investment |
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Definition
| occurs when a company, individual or fund invests money in another country for example, buying shares of stock in or lending money to a foreign firm. |
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Term
| international financial and trade institutions |
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Definition
| institutions, such as the world bank, international monetary fund, world trade organization, that establish the rules by which international commerce is conducted. |
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Term
| international monetary fund |
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Definition
| founded at the same time as the bank. Purpose is to make currency exchange easier for member countries tso they can participate in global trade. |
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Term
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Definition
| promote free trade, that is to eliminate barriers to trade among nations, such as quotas, duties, and tariffs. |
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Definition
| comprises nonprofit, educational religious, community, family and interest group organizations-that is social organizations that do not have a commercial or govt purpose. |
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Definition
| concerned with such issues as environmental risk, labor practices, worker rights, community development, and human rights. |
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Definition
| when transnatonal corporations operate according to strong moral principles and become a force for positive change in other nations where they operate. |
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Definition
| can draw on the unique capabilities of each and overcome particular weaknesses that each has. |
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Definition
| the need for balance between economic and environmental considerations. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a shared resource, such as land, air or water that a group of people use collectively. |
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Term
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Definition
| the world's resource base the air, water, soil, minerals and so forth is essentially finite or bounded. |
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Definition
| refers to the amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes, given previaling technology. |
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Definition
| agreeing to cut CFC production , the agreement was later amended to ban CFCs, aong with several other ozone-depleting chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| require industrial countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions more than 5% below 1990 levels, over a period of several years. |
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Definition
| involves collecting info on the lifelong environmental impact of a product, all the wy from extraction of raw material to manufacturing |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to designing factories and distribution systems as if they were self contained ecosystems. |
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Term
| extended product responsiblity |
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Definition
| refers to the idea that copanies have a continuing responsiblity for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold. |
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Definition
| are investments in projects that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. |
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Definition
| created in 1970 to coordinate most of the govt's efforts to protect the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| a promising regulatory approach to waste management. |
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Term
| Comprehensive environmental response, compensation and Liability act |
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Definition
| ALSO KNOWN AS SUPERFUND. eSTABLISHED A FUND SUPPORTED PRIMARILY BY A TAX ON PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL COMPANIES THAT WERE PRESUMED TO HAVE CREATED A DISPROPORTIONATE SHARE OF TOXIC WASTES. |
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Definition
| ALLOW BUSINESSES TO BUY AND SELL THE RIGHT TO POLLUTE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THE IDEA TAHT THE market is a better control than extensive standards that specify precisely what companies must do. |
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Term
| ecologically sustainable organization (ESO) |
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Definition
| is a business that operates in a way that is consistent with the principle of sustainable development. |
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Term
| environmental partnerships |
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Definition
| draw on the unique strengths of the differnt partners to improve environmental quality or conserve resources. |
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Term
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Definition
| often with a direct reporting relationship with the CEO. These invdivudals often supervise extensive staffs of specialists and coordiante the work of managers in many areas, including research and development, marketing and operations, whose work is related to a firm's sustainability mission. |
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Definition
| creating green products and services and pitching them to enviornmentally aware customers. |
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Term
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Definition
| mislead consumers regarding the environmental benefits of a product or service. |
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