Term
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Definition
| the process of interpreting one's environment |
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Term
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Definition
| involves observing and interpreting information about others to be able to understand them and prepare our responses to them |
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Term
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Definition
selective attention/comprehension
encoding and simplification
storage and retention
retrieval and response |
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Term
selective attention/comprehension
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Definition
| process of becoming consciously aware of something or someone |
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Term
| encoding and simplification |
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Definition
| before information can be stored, we must interpret or trasnlate it into mental representations. to do this, when we perceive stimuli, we assign pieces of the information to cognitive categories - mental depositories containing a number of objects that are considered equivalent |
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Term
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Definition
| long-term memory consists of separate but connected categories containing different types of information - long-term memory is made up of three compartments containing categories of information about events (specific & general), semantic materials (information about the world), and people (individuals or groups) |
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Term
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Definition
| we rely on the information in our memory when we need to make judgments and decisions |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics of a group of people |
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Term
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Definition
| someone's high expectations for another person result in high performance |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual's high self-expectations lead to high performance |
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Term
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Definition
| loss in performance due to low leader expectations |
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Term
| model of the self-fulfilling prophecy |
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Definition
high supervisory expectancy produces better leadership
leading employees to develop higher self-expectations
higher expectaions motivate workers to exert greater effort
thus increasing performance and supervisory expectancies
self-fulfilling prophecy works in both positive and negative directions |
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Term
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Definition
| suspected or inferred causes of behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| personal characteristics that cause behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| environmental characteristics that cause behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| involves the comparison of an individual's behavior with that of his or her peers or other people |
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Term
| Kelly's attribution model |
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Definition
consensus
distinctiveness
consistency |
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Term
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Definition
| determined by comparing a person's behavior on one task with his or her behavior on other tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| when a person performs about the same on each of 5 tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| when one person performs differently on each of five tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| determined by judging if the individual's performance on a given task is consistent over time - low consistency leads to external attributions |
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Term
| fundamental attribution bias |
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Definition
| ignoring environmental factors that affect behavior |
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