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examines how people are continually developing... from infancy to old age. includes stages:
nature/nurture
continuity/stages
stability/change |
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| the zygotes as it begins to form into a child and attaches to the uterus |
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| harmful agents such as viruses or drugs that slip past the placenta |
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| characterized my a small mis proportioned head and lifelong brain abnormalities |
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| characterized my a small mis proportioned head and lifelong brain abnormalities |
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| the orderly sequence of biological growth processes |
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| mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating |
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| concepts or mental molds through which we interpret the world |
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| interpretation of new experiences and how we adjust to them based on our schema |
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| adjust our schemas as we mature |
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| birth to almost 2yrs, taking the world in through the senses and actions. Babies live in the present! out of sight out of mind |
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| awareness that objects continue to exist even though you cant see it, usually by 8mo or so |
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| too young to perform mental operations, and lacking the concept of conservation |
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| the principle that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape. (juice in glass example) |
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| difficulty perceiving things from another;s point of view. literally. example I cant see you so you obviously can't see me. |
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| difficulty perceiving things from another;s point of view. literally. example I cant see you so you obviously can't see me. |
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| a term first coined by psychologists Premack and Woodruf, to describe chimpanzees' seeming ability to read intentions. basically it is the child's ability to 'put themselves in someone elses shoes' so to speak |
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| a spectrum disorder commonly marked bylack of communication and social interaction. |
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| a spectrum disorder commonly marked bylack of communication and social interaction. |
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| a spectrum disorder commonly marked bylack of communication and social interaction. |
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| concrete preoperational stage |
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| about 6-7 gain mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events |
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| around age 12 begin thinking logically |
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| usually around 12 years when a child begins truly thinking logically |
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| around 8mo when a baby begins expressing distress when held by strangers etc. |
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1. sensorimotor - birth to 2 yrs
2. Preoperational - 2yrs to 6-7 yrs
3. concrete oprational - about 7-11 yrs
4. formal operational - around 12 yrs |
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| intense and mutual infant- parent bond |
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| an optimal period of time when certain events must take place to facilitate proper development (commonly in the few hours after birth) |
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| occurs during the "critical period" when the youngster becomes attached to it parent/ guardian |
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| attachment and adult relationships, deprivation of attachment |
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| body contact, familiarity |
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| body contact, familiarity |
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1. authoritarian - impose rules (strict)
2. permissive - give into children
3. authoritative - impose rules fairly, with explanations |
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| the years spend morphing from a child to an adult |
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| primary sex characteristics |
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| reproductive organs and external genitalia |
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| secondary sex characteristics |
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| nonreproductive organs (deepening voice and breasts etc) |
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| developing reasoning power, developing morality |
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1. preconventional morality - before age 9, obey rules to avoid punishment
2. Conventional morality - obey because laws are supposed to be obeyed
3. postconventional morality - abstract reasoning, right versus wrong, |
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| a self-definition that unifies the various selves into a consistent and comfortable sense of who one is |
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| the 'we" aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to "Who am I?" that comes from our group memberships |
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| Erikson's stages of psychological development |
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ages issue
0-1: trust vs. mistrust
1-3: autonomy vs. doubt
3-6: initiative vs. guilt
6-11: industry vs. inferiority
11-18: identity vs. role confusion
Young adult: intimacy vs. isolation
Middle Adulthood: generality vs. self absorption
Old Age: integrity vs. despair |
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| in eriksons theory , the ability to form close , loving relationships; a primary developmental task in late adolescence and early adulthood |
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| approx: 18 to twenties, bridging the gap between adolescent dependence and full independence and responsible adulthood |
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| the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the biological process a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines |
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| Crystallized intelligence |
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| our accumulated knowledge as reflected in our vocabulary and analogies tests - increases up to old age |
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| our ability to reason speedily and abstractly, as when solving novel logic problems - decreases slowly up to age 75 or so, then more rapidly |
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| the culturally accepted time to do things in your life ie get married go to college etc |
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