Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Metabolism (NASM CSNC)
Metabolism per NASM CSNC Program
18
Nutrition
Not Applicable
12/30/2021

Additional Nutrition Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the two processes of Metabolism and what do they do?
Definition
Anabolic, which means to put small molecules together to create bigger ones. Catabolic, which mean to break down molecules into smaller parts.
Term
What is the difference between Macronutrient and Micronutrients in regards to how they affect the body?
Definition
Macronutrients such as Carbs and Fat provide the body potential energy to store for use. Protein provides the building blocks for the creation on all cells in the body. Macronutrients do not provide energy but instead are used for the atoms in their molecules to keep everything functioning in the body properly via vitamins and minerals.
Term
How many calories per gram of substrate are in Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins and Minerals?
Definition
Protein and Carbohydrates is 4 cal per gram. Fat is 9 cal per gram. Macronutrients do not have calories.
Term
What are the two metabolic pathways and what makes them different for one another?
Definition
Anaerobic which does not require oxygen and Aerobic which does.
Term
In the Anaerobic Metabolic Pathway, what are the substrates that are used?
Definition
Creatine Phosphate and Carbohydrates in the form of Glucose
Term
In the Aerobic Metabolic Pathway, what are the substrates that are used?
Definition
Oxidized Carbohydrates, Fats and in some cases Amino Acids
Term
What are the 3 energy systems of the body?
Definition
Phosphocreatine, Glycolytic System, Oxidative System
Term
How does ATP become re-synthesized in the Phosphocreatine System?
Definition
CreatinePhosphate donates its phosphate turning ADP into ATP and Creatine Phosphate into Creatine.
Term
What is the limitation of this Phosphocreatine System and how long does it last?
Definition
The Phosphocreatine system is limited based on how much creatine the body can store and will provide about 10 seconds of kinetic energy.
Term
Complete the sentence: The _______ System breaks down ____ in the form of ______ in the ______ and _______ stored as ________.
Definition
Complete the sentence: The Glycolytic System breaks down carbohydrates in the form of glucose in the muscles and liver stored as glycogen.
Term
During the functioning of the Glycolytic System, what is glucose broken down into?
Definition
Pyruvate
Term
In anaerobic conditions, what is pyruvate used for?
Definition
It is converted to lactate, also known as lactic acid.
Term
In aerobic conditions, what is pyruvate used for?
Definition
It is used in the mitochondria to create oxidation.
Term
What is a mitochondria
Definition
Organelles found in most cells where the processes of respiration and energy production occur.
Term
What are the three types of Metabolism that food is used for and roughly what percentage of it is used for each?
Definition
Basal Metabolism 60-75%, Physical Activity 15-30%, Thermic Effect of Food 10%
Term
What are the two thermogenic types of physical activity when it comes to the "Physical Activity" of metabolism?
Definition

EAT - Exercise Activity Thermogenesis

NEAT - Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis

Term
When it comes to the energy required to digest food, _____ has a higher TEF (Thermic Effect) than ______ or ______.
Definition
When it comes to the energy required to digest food, protein has a higher TEF (Thermic Effect) than carbohydrates or fats.
Term
Explain the process of the Phosphocreatine Shuttle.
Definition

When ATP loses its phosphate and becomes ADP, Creatine Phosphate donates its phosphate to ADP, through the catalyzation of the enzyme creatine kinase, resynthesizing ATP.

 

Once this happens, creatine loses its phosphate and is introduced into the intermembrane of the mitochondria of the cell where another type of creatine kinase creates a bond to another phosphate resynthesizing Creatine Phosphate and sending it back into the cytosol of the cell.

Supporting users have an ad free experience!