Term
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Definition
| organic molecules - small metabolic breakdown products of macromolecules |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| type of enzymes used to get macromolecules... |
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Definition
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Term
| small metabolites transported inside cell via... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
splits glucose (6c) into two pyruvate (3c)
universal energy-yielding pathway |
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Term
| atp produced by glycolysis |
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Definition
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Term
| pathways for regenerating NADH |
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Definition
| fermentation and respiration |
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Term
| fermentation characteristics |
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Definition
| No O2 utilized, no ATP made |
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Term
| respiration characteristics |
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Definition
| O2 can be utilized, ATP made |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| kreb's cycle and electron transport chain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| harvests energy stored in nadh and fadh2 |
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Term
| allosteric enzyme inhibitor |
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Definition
| binds to allosteric site of enzyme and changes shape of active site, preventing the enzyme from working |
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Term
| feedback inhibition enzyme regulation |
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Definition
| multistep enzyme action stopped by end product binding to allosteric site of first enzyme and preventing the whole series of enzymes |
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Term
| transcriptional control of gene expression |
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Definition
| if a gene is not needed, transcription is blocked, if a gene product is required, transcription block is inhibited |
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Term
| example of transcriptional control of gene expression |
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Definition
| gene expression of lac operon in E. coli |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory gene and structural genes |
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Term
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Definition
| codes for repressor protein |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple genes that are all coded and synthesized together |
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Term
| structural genes code for... |
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Definition
| proteins that are enzymes |
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Term
| lac operon enzymes do what? |
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Definition
| transport lactose into the cell, break down lactose to simple sugars, and allow lactose to be used as carbon and energy source |
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Term
| order of genes in lac operon |
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Definition
| regulator gene, promoter, operator, structural genes |
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Term
| regulatory gene - always on or always off? |
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Definition
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Term
| lac operon expression when no lactose present |
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Definition
| represor binds to operator and prevents rna polymerase binding to promoter |
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Term
| lac operon when lactose is present |
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Definition
| lactose binds to repressor protein and doesnt allow it to bind to operator. Rna polymerase can bind to promoter and enzymes are made |
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Term
| enzymes made by lac operon |
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Definition
| beta-galactosidase and lac permease |
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Term
| beta-galactosidase function |
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Definition
| lactose-->glucose+galactose |
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Term
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Definition
| bring lactose inside cell |
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Term
| types of repressor-controlled operons |
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Definition
| degradation enzymes and synthetic enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| metabolite causes gene expression |
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Term
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Definition
| matabolite prevents gene expression |
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Term
| Bacteria gene default status and regulation |
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Definition
| gene default: on; regulation: repression to block transcription |
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Term
| eukaryotic gene default and regulation |
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Definition
| gene default: of; regulation: make activators to turn on transcription |
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